الفهرس 
Type 2 Diabetes MellitusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Type 2 DM is both metabolic disorder and major worldwide health problem because of its high prevalence and morbidity. Type 2 DM is a part of metabolic syndrome which comprises dyslipidemia, hypertension, impaired fibrinolysis, and increased procoagulation factors. Vascular disorders such as coronary arterial disease enhance the morbidity and mortality of type 2 DM. Type 2 DM induces atherosclerosis, circulation dysfunction, and dysregulation of coagulation. It is reported that cardiovascular mortality risk is correlated with blood glucose concentration in cases with type 2 DM. Hyperglycemia is thought to have a harmful effect on the blood vessels.
Platelets are involved in homeostatic process and have an important role in atherosclerosis and arterial thrombosis. When vascular injury occurred, platelets adhere to damaged endothelium to form platelet plug. Platelet volume is a marker of platelet function and activation. It can be quantified as mean platelet volume (MPV) by clinical hematology analyzers. It has been reported that platelets from diabetic patients synthesize more thromboxane than normal platelets. It is found that hyperglycemia causes larger platelets. Larger platelets also release more prothrombotic factors such as thromboxane A2. It is also suggested that the increased platelet activity enhances vascular complications in these patients. In addition, it is revealed that increased MPV plays a role in myocardial infarction, thromboembolism and stroke. Cardiovascular complication prevalence of type 2 DM may be associated with HbA1c and MPV.
It was shown that activated platelets were found in the circulating blood of patients with coronary artery diseases. Activated platelets can bind and form aggregates with leukocytes, preferentially monocytes, and the aggregates are shown to be increased in patients with coronary artery diseases. P-selectin (or GMP-140, PADGEM, CD62P), a member of the selectin family, is a 140-kDa glycoprotein that is a component of the α-granule membrane of resting platelets and the Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells. P-selectin mediates rolling of monocytes on activated endothelium, the first step in the cell adhesion cascade. In platelets, after activation induced by agonists such as thrombin or histamine, P-selectin is translocated from α-granule membrane into the surface of plasmatic membrane and mediates adhesion of platelet to neutrophils and monocytes.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the mean platelet volume (MPV) and its correlation to the cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 diabetic patients.
The study was done on 60 diabetic patients regularly coming for management & follow up at Endocrine & diabetic clinic in Menoufia University and 20 healthy persons as control group. group A: 60 type 2 diabetic patients was divided into two subgroups as follows: group A1: 23 cases without cardiovascular disease. group A2: 37cases with cardiovascular disease. group B: 20 Healthy persons (as control group)