الفهرس 
Fossil fuels and their impacts
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Abstract
A total of selected 66 microbial isolates were isolated from
rotten sugarcane bagasse, rotten plant, animal manure, termites
and soil; 16, 9, 10, 26 and 5, respectively. They were 34 bacterial
isolates, 10 actinobacterial isolates and 22 fungal isolates.
Preliminary screening for all isolates for their ability to produce
cellulases showed that 34 isolates showed hydrolyzing zones on
CMC agar medium; 7 bacterial isolates, 6 actinobacterial isolates
and 21 fungal isolates.
The potent isolates PB1, TA1 and S4 exhibited the highest
endoglucanase (CMCase) activity with (0.150 IU/ml, 0.233 IU/ml
and 0.165 IU/ml), respectively. Sugarcane bagasse was the sole
carbon source in cellulase production medium.
Regarding to exoglucanase (FPase) activity, the potent
isolates PB1 and TA1 showed the highest FPase activity with
(0.043 IU/ml) and (0.084 IU/ml), respectively. For fungal isolate
S4 exhibited a moderate FPase activity with (0.048 IU/ml) when
growing on sugarcane bagasse as a sole carbon source in cellulase
production medium.
The best FPase and CMCase activities of the potent strains
were obtained after incubation at 30 °C for 7 days with PB1 and
S4 isolates; but for 10 days with TA1.bagasse induced the production of both FPase
and CMCase of isolate PB1 with maximum activity 1.2 fold and
1.9 fold respectively more than that using carboxymethyl
cellulose as a sole carbon source in the cellulase production
medium.
In the same trend, FPase and CMCase activities of isolate
TA1 showed higher 3.8 folds and 8.6 folds respectively. Also, for
isolate S4, FPase and CMCase activities showed 3.6 folds and 2.2
folds for A. flavus S4, respectively more than that using
carboxymethyl cellulose as a sole carbon source in the cellulase
production medium.
Identification of PB1 and TA1 isolates was carried out
using 16S rRNA; the isolates were identified as Bacillus pumilus
and Streptomyces rochei, respectively.
For fungal isolate S4, 18S rRNA and ITS sequence analysis
identified the isolate as Aspergillus flavus.
Amplified endoglucanse genes glu, eglS and eglB of B. pumilus
PB1, S. rochei TA1 and A. flavus S4, respectively were identified
according to BlastX as genes encoded endoglucanase enzymes.
The ML tree of the endoglucansae genes showed high similarity
with glycosyl hydrolase family protein of Bacillus sp.,
Streptomyces sp. and Aspergillus sp. respectively.