الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a form of intravenous nutritional support, which can improve the nutritional status of hospitalized malnourished patients. PN may cause metabolic changes such as hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and electrolyte imbalances.
Hyperglycemia induced by parentral nutrition has been shown to exacerbate secondary brain injury and independently predict poor neurologic outcomes in patients with severe traumatic brain So,we did this study on seventy patients to compare between intensive insulin therapy versus conventional glucose control in traumatic brain injury who are on PN nutrition.
Due to the fact that previous studies were inconsistent and did not assess PN complications or traumatic brain injury patients, the present study was designed to compare hypo/hyperglycemic episodes and PN complications in IIT and CGC in traumatic brain injury patients who received PN.
It was hypothesized that an IIT would result in fewer hyperglycemic episodes in these patients without any hypoglycemia and improvements in outcome assessments using mid-arm circumference, liver function tests, lipid profiles and inflammatory status.
The risk of mortality and the consequences of hypoglycemia in critically ill-patients under IIT and especially in patients with brain trauma, are a serious concern, since hypoglycemia is associated with worsening in the Glascow Coma Scale score (GCS)
Our results showed that lowering glucose concentrations to near normal levels by intravenous insulin infusion did not lead to PN complications such as hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and electrolyte imbalances and hypoglycemic episodes were not observed in the IIT group but complications of PN reduced . In contrast to previous studies that showed that hyperglycemia induced by PN strongly predicted adverse PN outcomes.