الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Today, covering a wound in a single step by a flap-like tissue of appropriate thickness and size is a highly preferred method for economic, cosmetic, and functional reasons. However, flap necrosis remains as an important problem despite increased accumulation of knowledge from studies on anatomy, physiology, and surgical techniques.
Several methods for augmentation of random pattern skin flaps survival were discussed in this research involving surgical flap delay, Therapeutic Angiogenesis and Pharmacologic drugs.
In our research we concentrated on the effect of Pharmacologic drugs, so we studied the role of Botulinum toxin type A and lidocaine in augmentation of random pattern skin flaps in a rat model. In 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats, central dorsal random pattern skin flaps with 3 different length: width ratios were elevated. Botulinum toxin type A, lidocaine, or saline (as a control group) was administered to the base and whole length of the flap. Flap survival was evaluated on the 10th day of surgery. The area of flap survival was determined grossly on the basis of its appearance, color, and texture.
The results showed that botulinum toxin type A group had a greater survival area (p < 0.05) compared to lidocaine or saline groups even with the increase in the flap length.