الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The linkage between urban waterfront and Natural Hazards (NHs) has received increasing global attention over the last decades. Significantly, coastal communities across the world face rising sea levels, as well as changing in storm surge frequency and magnitude, which affect most infrastructure and settlements that are located near the coast line facing the threat of natural disasters. With concern for the consequences of NBs, the primary and most urgent topics for decision-makers should be the assessment of vulnerability and the evaluation of the adaptation options and measures. However, due to uncertainty in climate change predictions many \ ulnerability and adaptation assessments are in a state of flux. Therefore, it is essential for decision-makers to consider the dynamic and spatial characteristics of these changes in assessing the adverse consequences during making decisions about future development plans. Alexandria has been classified as one of the most affected coastal cities by climate change and natural hazards, its urban waterfront development was changing faster than ever in a complex and uncontrolled pattern. The primary aims of this thesis are providing an assessment of the NHs in Alexandria, focusing on the present and future vulnerabilities of coastal areas based on various scenarios, and identifying and evaluating the adaptation options for coastal cities in order to cope ith altering climatic condition scenarios. Based on this information. this thesis illustrates that the interaction between coastal zone management and waterfront planning is becoming a realistic policy under some unavoidable conditions, especially sea level rise and tsunami. This will contribute in the linkage between the relevant scenarios, which are theoretically based. and their ability to adapt in real fact condition in Alexandria. This thesis concludes with recommendations of the appropriate adaptation strategies to bring about greater urban waterfront development in the context of NBs. In addition. it provides the stakeholders and policy-makers with a powerful methodology to assist in acquiring better data. This data will aid the development and selection of proactive adaptation strategies that will ensure .1 more appropriate procedure by which to assess the vulnerabilities and adaptation to critical and uncertain natural hazards on urban waterfront of Alexandria.