الفهرس 
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Abstract
This in vivo/ vitro study was divided into three parts:
The first part was conducted on 10 extracted anterior teeth, and designed to investigate the effect of self-etching primer containing surface pre-reacted glass ionomer particles in comparison to the conventional phosphoric acid etching.
The second part was conducted on 24 specimens of giomer tooth-surface coating material and designed to investigate color stability, surface roughness and surface hardness after immersion in selected beverages (tea, cola, Orange juice and unionized distilled water).
The third part was designed to investigate the clinical durability of the giomer tooth surface coating material, as well as the degree of patient’s/ parent’s satisfaction, so that 20 patients were selected from out-patient Pediatric Dentistry Clinics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University/ Egypt and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aden/ Yemen.
Summary
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Data were fed to the computer and analyzed using IBM SPSS software package version 24.
while considering the short term service of the giomer tooth surface coating material and according to the results obtained in this study, it could be concluded that:
1. No marked decalcification of the enamel surface was observed with using self-etching primer containing surface pre-reacted glass ionomer particles.
2. Color change, surface roughness and surface hardness of the giomer tooth coating material was influenced by the beverages.
3. Giomer tooth coating material was found to be highly acceptable and harmless to the subjects involved in this study, yet the clinical durability could be even better if the priming, finishing and polishing technique and/ or tooth surface coating materials may be further improved.
Disclosure Statement
This study do not have any financial support or interest in the companies whose materials are included in this article.