الفهرس 
Nitrogen as a crucial element in plantOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental
Station Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University at Shalakan,
Kalubia Governorate, Egypt during the summer seasons 3102, 2014 to
study performance of some sesame varieties under different level of
nitrogen fertilization..
Experiment included the following factors: -
a- Sesame verities : -
1- Shandwel-3.
2- Giza-32.
3- Sohag-1.
b- nitrogen fertilization rates: -
4- Control (zero kg N/fed.)
5- 30 kg N/fed.
6- 45 kg N/fed.
7- 60 kg N/fed.
Nitrogen fertilizer rates were applied as ammonium sulphat
(20.6% N). Treatments involved N were applied into three equal portions,
after thinning, before the second and the third irrigation, respectively. The
experiment was laid out in factorial randomized complete block design
with four replications.
Data recorded:
1. At 45 days after sowing:
1.1. Plant height
1.2. Leaves number plant−1 1.3. Leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value)
2. At 75 days after sowing:
2.1. Plant height
2.2. First capsule height
2.3. Fruiting zone length
2.4. Branches number plant−1
2.5. Capsules number plant−1
3. At harvest
3.1. Plant height
3.2. Capsule number plant-1
3.3. Weight of 1000 seed
3.4. Seed yield
3.5. Biological yield
The results obtained can be summarized as follows:
a- Sesame varieties :-
1- Plant height (cm) at 45 DAS showed significant differences as
a result. The tallest plants were obtained and Sohag-1 with
Giza-32 surpassing the plants of Shandwel-3 in 1st season.
2- Leaves number plant-1 at 45 DAS of sesame plants showed
significant differences. Recorded that sohag-1 the highest
compared to Giza-32 and Shandwel-3, respectively.
3- Sohag-1 recorded maximum value SPAD value leaf in season
2013. While recorded equal significant of 2nd season.4- Plant height at 75 DAS of sesame plants showed significant
differences. Recorded with sohag-1 the highest compared to
Giza-32 and Shandwel-3, respectively.
5- There were significant effect between varieties in first capsule
height, Giza-32 or sohag-1 recorded that maximum value in 1st
and 2nd season respectively.
6- There was significant difference between varieties Sohag-1
and Giza-32 gave maximum value in fruiting zone length in
both season.
7- Giza-32 produced significantly higher number of branches
compared with other varieties in 1st season. While as Sohag-1
equal significant with Giza-32 in 2nd season.
8- Sesame varieties did not show any significant differences in
capsules number plant-1 surpassing Shandwel-3 in the two
season except Shandwel-3 in 1st season.
9- Sesame varieties appeared significant differences in plant
height in both seasons where Sohag–1 gave the maximum
value.
10- Sesame varieties appeared significant differences in number of
capsules were Sohag-1 recorded the maximum value in two
seasons.
11- Sohag-1 give the maximum value in weight of 1000 seed in
both season compared with other varieties.
12- There were significant differences in seed yield between
varieties. Were sohag-1 recorded the maximum value.
13- There were significant differences between varieties in
biological yield. where giza-32 achieved the highest
biological yield in both season and sohag-1 in the second
season only. 14- There were significant differences between varieties in seed oil
content. where varieties Shandwel-3 or Sohag-1 recorded
maximum value in 1st and 2nd season respectively.
15- Sohag-1 recorded the highest value in oil yield compared with
other varieties in both seasons.
16- Seed protein content was not significantly affected by varietal
differences in the experimental two seasons, except 2013 in
which Sohag–1 and Giza–32 exceeded Shandwel-3 by 34.4
and 28.4%, respectively.
17- Sohag-1 was the effective cultivar in protein yield was gave
the highest value in both seasons.
b- Effect of nitrogen application rates:-
1- Plant height at 45 DAS increased with 30 kg N fad-1 with no
significant differences with each of 45 or 60 kg N fad-1 rates
during two growing seasons; 2013, 2014.
2- 30 kg N fed recorded maximum leaves number plant-1 at 45
DAS compared with other treatments in two seasons.
3- Significant differences were found in chlorophyll content
(SPAD value). N level increased significantly with increase
nitrogen fertilization rates in the two seasons.
4- 45 kg N fad-1 in 1st season or 30 kg N fad-1 in 2nd season
recorded the tallest sesame plants.
5- The minimal value recorded with 30 Kg N fad-1 in the two
seasons in frist capsule height. However there is no variation
in 2nd season.
6- In 1st and 2nd season at 30 kg N fad-1 there was significant
increase in fruiting zone length.7- Nitrogen fertilization did not show any significant differences
on branches number plant-1 surpassing the control in the 1st
season only.
8- Capsules number plant1 was not significantly affected by
nitrogen fertilization during the two growing seasons 2013,
2014.
9- 45 kg Nitrogen recorded the maximum value of plant height in
two seasons.
10- Number of capsules increased significantly with increase
nitrogen fertilization rates during first season. 45 kg N fed-1
rate give the highest capsules number plant-1 in two seasons
compared other nitrogen rate.
11- There were significant differences between in nitrogen levels.
30 kg nitrogen fad-1 recorded the weightiest 1000 seeds of
sesame in both season.
12- There were significant differences between nitrogen levels
were 0 kg N fed-1 recorded the lowest value in seed yeild.
13- 45 kg N fed-1 rate give the highest biological yield in two
season compared other nitrogen rate.
14- Seed oil content was not significantly affected by nitrogen
fertilization during the two growing seasons 2013, 2014.
15- 45 kg N fed-1 gave the maximum oil yield in two seasons.
16- Seed protein content was not significantly affected by nitrogen
fertilization during the two growing seasons 2013, 2014.
17- 45 kg N fed-1 recorded the maximum value in protein yield in
two seasons.
c- Effect of the interaction between sesame verities and nitrogen
fertilization rates:-1- Interaction between sesame varieties and nitrogen fertilization
did not show significant differences in plant height (cm)
during the two growing seasons, except Shandwel-3 x 0 or 60
kg N fad-1 in season 2013.
2- Interaction between sesame varieties and nitrogen fertilization
appeared significant differences leaves number plant-1 at 45
DAS. Sohag-1 x 60 kg N fed and sohag-1 x 45 kg N fed
recorded maximum value in two season respectively.
3- Interaction between sesame varieties and nitrogen fertilization
show significant differences in SPAD value. Sohage-1 x 60 Kg
N fed-1 recorded maximum value in the two season.
4- Interaction between sesame varieties and nitrogen fertilization
show significant differences in plant height at 75 DAS.
Sohage-1 x 60 Kg N fed-1 recorded maximum value in the two
season.
5- There were a significant interaction between in N level and
varieties. The longest height first capsule was Giza-32 x 45 N
in the two season as will as Sohag-1 x 0 N kg fad-1 in 2nd
season.
6- The results of the interaction between N and varieties showed
significant different, application of 30 kg N fad-1 x Giza-32
recorded high value in two seasons.
7- Giza-32 x 45 kg N fad-1 and sohag-1 x 0 kg N fad-1 were
producing maximum branches number plant-1 in 1st and 2nd
season, respectively.
8- The effect of interaction on capsules number plant-1 at 75 DAS
are shown significant difference in 1sd season, where Giza-32
x 60 Kg N fad-1 is superior on other treatments. But there were
no significant differences in 2nd season.9- Cultivar sohag-1 gave the maximums value of plant height at
harvest with all fertilization rate in both season.
10- Giza–32 x 60 kg N fad−1 or sohag-1 x 45 kg N fad−1 were
producing maximum number of capsules plant-1 in 1st and 2nd
season, respectively.
11- The interaction between varieties and nitrogen level sohag-1
give the maximum 1000 seed weight with 30 kg nitrogen fed-1
in two seasons.
12- Sohag-1 under rate of 45 kg N fed-1 recorded maximum value
in seed yield in the two season.
13- The interaction between varieties and nitrogen level Giza-32
with 45 or 30 kg N fed-1 in 1st and 2nd season, respectively
recorded maximum value in biological yield.
14- The interaction between varieties and nitrogen levels recorded
significant variations in seed oil content, where sohag-1
showed the maximum value with 60 kg N fed-1 in 1st season.
The most effective combination in this regard in 2nd season
was sohag-1 X any N level.
15- There were significant differences were sohag-1 X 45 kg N
fed-1 achieved the maximum oil yield in two season.
16- Sohag-1 X 45 kg N fed-1 recorded the maximum value in seed
protein content in 1st season. Moreover, all studied factors and
their interaction had no significant effect on seed protein
content of sesame in 2nd season.
17- Sohag-1 X 45 kg N fed-1 recorded the highest value in protein
yield in both season.