الفهرس 
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment of oroantral fistulous defects by the use of zirconia porous scaffold.
The study included 10 patients selected from outpatient clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department in Alexandria University, Faculty of Dentistry. The patients selected had oroantral fistulae of more than three weeks duration with defective bone of at least five millimeters width.
Patients’ evaluation
All cases were evaluated as follows:
History, including present history of any recent extraction and/or cause of the oroantral fistula, and past medical history.
Clinical examination included both extraoral and intraoral examinations.
Radiographic examination using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT).
Surgical procedures
Decoring of the fistulous tract.
Reflection of buccal mucoperiosteal trapezoidal flap.
Curretage of the socket to remove all granulation tissue and remaining roots.
Placement of zirconia porous scaffold into the defect.
Horizontal releasing incisions of the buccal advancement flap and suturing of the flap.
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Clinical and radiographic follow up
Clinical evaluation was done for each patient at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. The patients were examined for pain sensation, presence of infection, bleeding, and the degree of healing of the mucoperiosteal flap.
Radiographic evaluation was done at 2 weeks by panorama to make sure of scaffold stability and at 3 months by CBCT to examine any bone formation.
Clinical and radiographic results
Evaluation of the patients revealed that proper healing of wound occurred in most of the patients, except two of them where healing occurred at a slower rate. Pain intensity decreased throughout the follow-up period with the maximum pain intensity was only immediately postoperative. Infection was observed on the second week postoperative.
Radiographically, there was a significant increase in bone density from the baseline by 41.2 percentage change.