الفهرس 
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Abstract
We studied the prevalence of hepatitis c virus antibody using ELISA in 280 pregnant women attendees at Menia maternity university hospital labor ward. Eight and six percent (8.6% ) of this women were HCV positive ( 24 women ) and ninety one and four percent (91.4 % ) of this women were HCV negative (256 women ). History of previous blood transfusion and previous operations as cesarean section and other surgical operations ( appendicectomy ,cholecystectomy ) and history of infection with schistosomiasis were significant risk factors for HCV infection in this women. In conclusion , the prevalence of HCV infection in pregnant women in Egypt appears to be lower than previously reported . The detected risk factors are history of infection with schistosmiasis ,intra-familial transmission, previous blood transfusion , medical procedures. Abnormal liver tests occur in 3% - 5% of pregnancies, with many potential causes , including coincidental liver disease (most commonly viral hepatitis or gallstones) and underlying chronic liver disease. However , most liver dysfunction in pregnancy is pregnancy-related and caused by 1 of the 5 liver diseases unique to the pregnant state : these fall into 2 main categories depending on their association with or without preeclampsia. The preeclampsia associated liver diseases are the preeclampsia itself, the HELLP syndrome, acute fatty liver of pregnancy . Hyperemesis gravidarum and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy have no relationship to preeclampsia.
Hepatitis C virus is a major health problem worldwide, as it is the most important cause of chronic liver disease, primary hepatocellular carcinoma and a leading cause of high morbidity and mortality.
We could confirm that the prevalence HCV infection was high in Egypt especially in upper Egypt.
This study was examined 280 pregnant women within March to July 2016 in labour ward at Al- Menia maternity university hospital. The prevalence of HCV-Antibodies in the studied women 8.6 % this percentage equal 24 pregnant women from total number 280 .
History of previous operation was statistically significant as risk factor for HCV infection.
History of positive family member was statistically significant as risk factor for HCV infection.
History of blood transfusion was statistically significant as risk factor for HCV infection .
History of old age was statistically significant as risk factor for HCV infection.
History of increased parity was statistically significant as risk factor for HCV infection.
Abnormal liver enzyme levels may signal liver damage or alteration in bile flow .Liver enzyme (ALT & AST )alteration may be either the accompanying biochemical picture in a patient with symptoms or signs suggestive of liver disease, unexpected finding in a patient who has undergone a wide range of laboratory tests for a nonhepatic disease.
This means liver enzyme guide for HCV infection but not conclusive evidence for HCV infection.
The percentage of pregnant women infected with HCV and those who delivered Caesarean higher than the infected pregnant women who delivered normally.