الفهرس 
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Abstract
The field experiments was conducted at Shandweel Agric. Station, Sohag Governorate in Upper Egypt during 2015 and 2016 seasons to study the effect of using some mineral, organic and biotic materials on growth and productivity of Egyptian cotton cultivar Giza 90 under late and early plantings in Upper Egypt. The experimental design was a randomized complete block designee using split plot arrangement with four replications. The Main plots included two planting dates (1st March and 1st April) and sub plots included the simulative substance (mineral, organic and biotic) namely: Potassium Silicate 7.5 cm3/L, Lithovit (CO2 5g/L), Humic acid 5cm3/L, Mix of organic acid (citric 500 ppm - ascorbic at 300 ppm – celcleic 200 ppm), Potassiomage 1kg/fed. and Mycorrhizae 4cm3/L with control (untreated plants). The combined analysis between years was done. The measurements (max., min. and mean air temperatures (°C) were recorded and the amounts of heat units were calculated in 30-days intervals through the cotton growing season (March-September) in 2015 and 2016 seasons for Shandweel Agricultural Station
Studied characters
I– Vegetative characters:-
Six plants were taken at random from the inner one row of each sub plot, sampling commenced 60 days after sowing and continued in 30 days (90das) intervals until 120 days from planting. and study the following characters:
1. Plant height(cm)
2. Total dry weight per plant (g).
Plant samples were carefully uprooted and separated into leaves, stems, recovered roots and fruiting parts (squares and young bolls), the different plant fractions were dried for 48 hours at 70 Co, until it reached to a constant weight.
II- vegetative characters and earliness traits
1. Plant height(cm) at harvest
2. Number of fruiting branches per plant
3. Position of first node
4. Number of days to first flower
5. Number of days to first open boll
6. Earliness %
III - Yield and it’s component
1. Number of open bolls per plant
2. Boll weight (g)
3. Seed index (g)
4. Lint %
5. Seed cotton yield/fed.
IV- Fiber quality
1. Fiber length (mm)
2. Uniformaty index %
3. Fiber strength (g/tex)
4. Micronaire reading
The obtained results can be summarized as follows:
Air temperature and heat units (HU) during the growing seasons
1. The temperature in Upper Egypt is high and the diurnal air temperature refers to a low night temperature during the first month in 2015
2. The total heat units which were received by cotton plants in the second planting season 2016 were higher than that in the first planting season 2015.
I-Vegetative growth characters:
Plant height (cm)
1. Plant height significantly responded to seasons at the three sampling dates in different growth stages (60, 90 and 120 days from planting). The second season (2016) gave the higher plant height at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting) compared with the first season (2015).
2. Significant differences were obtained in plant height due to the planting dates at the three sampling dates 60, 90 and 120 days from planting. Late planting gave the highest averages of plant height at different growth stages
3. Significant differences were obtained in plant height due to the simulative substance applications at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting). All simulative substances (Potassium Silicate, Lithovit, Humic acid, Mix of organic acids, Potassiomage and Mycorrhizae showed significant increase in plant height as compared with control in deferent growth stages, where the superiority was found in favor of the Humex acid (5 cm3/l) compared with the other simulative substances.
4. The interaction between years and planting dates had a significant effect on plant height at the sampling dates 90 and 120 days from planting.
5. The interaction between years and simulative substances had a significant effect on plant height at the sampling dates (60 and 120 days from planting).
6. The interaction between planting date and simulative substances had significant effect on plant height at the sampling dates (60and 120 days from planting).
7. The plants, which were treated with foliar simulative substances under early and late planting dates gave the highest averages of plant height at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting) as compared with the control.
8. The simulative substances under early and late planting dates had positive effects on improving the performance of cotton plants, which increased plant growth especially under late planting.
9. The interaction between years, planting dates and simulative substances show a significant effect on plant height at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting).
Total dry weight per plant (g):
1. Total dry weight per plant significantly responded to seasons at the three sampling dates in different growth stages (60, 90 and 120 days from planting).
2. The first season 2015 gave the higher total dry weight per plant at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting) compared with the second season 2016.
3. Significant differences were obtained in total dry weight per plant due to the planting dates at the three sampling dates 60, 90 and 120 days from planting. Early planting gave the highest averages of total dry weight per plant at different growth stages.
4. Significant differences were obtained in total dry weight per plant due to the simulative substance at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting). All simulative substances showed significant increase in total dry weight per plant as compared with untreated plants (control) in deferent growth stages, where the superiority was found in favor of the Humex acid 5 cm3/L compared with the other simulative substances.
5. The interaction between years and planting dates had a significant effect on total dry weight per plant at the three sampling dates
6. The interaction between years and simulative substances had a significant effect on total dry weight per plant at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting).
7. The interaction between planting date and simulative substances had a significant effect on total dry weight /plant at the three sampling dates
8. The plants, which were treated with foliar simulative substances under early planting dates gave the highest averages of total dry weight per plant at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting).
9. The simulative substances under early planting dates had positive effects on improving the performance of cotton plants.
10. The interaction between years, planting dates and simulative substances show a significant effect on total dry weight per plant at the three sampling dates (60, 90 and 120 days from planting).
Growth and earliness traits:
1. Seasons significantly effected on plant height, no. of fruiting branches/plant, position of first node, number of days to first flower, number of days to first open boll and earliness %. Season 2016 increase plant height and number of fruiting branches/plant, position of first node and earliness %, while, decrease number of days to first flower and first open boll compared with season 2015.
2. Planting date over seasons significantly affected growth characters and earliness traits. Late planting significant increased plant height, position of first node and earliness % and decrease number of fruiting branches/plant, number of days to first flower and number of days to first open boll as compared with early planting.
3. Simulative substances show significant increase in plant height and number of fruiting branches/plant, number of days to first flower, number of days to first open boll and earliness %) as compared with untreated plants (control).
4. Plants which sprayed with humic acid gave the highest averages of plant height, number of fruiting branches/plant, number of days to first flower, number of days to first open boll and earliness traits followed by Potassium Silicate followed by Lithovit.
5. The interactions between (years and planting dates) had a significant effect on plant height and number of fruiting branches/plant, number of days to first flower, number of days to first open boll and earliness % and non- significant effect on position of first node, The interactions between (years and simulative substances) had a significant effect on number of fruiting branches/plant and earliness % and non- significant effect on position of first node, plant height, number of days to first flower and number of days to first open boll.
6. The interaction between planting date and simulative substances had a significant effect on plant height, number of days to first flower and earliness %. It had non-significant effect on position of first node, number of fruiting branches/plant and number of days to first open boll.
7. The plants, which were treated with simulative substances under early planting dates, gave the highest averages of plant height, no. of fruiting branches/plant, number of days to first flower, number of days to first open boll and earliness %.
8. The simulative substances under early planting dates had positive effects on improving the performance of cotton plants, which increased plant growth and earliness traits especially under late planting.
9. The interaction between years, planting dates and simulative substances show a significant effect on growth characters and earliness traits except position of first node and earliness %.
Yield and its components:
1. Significant seasonal effect was detected in yield and its components (number of open bolls /plant, boll weight, seed index) It is quite evident that cotton plants were forced to a vegetative growth as was expressed in plant elongation on the expense of fruiting or was expressed in lower number of open bolls/plant and boll weight in 2016 season compared with 2015 season.
2. Early planting significantly increased number of open bolls /plant, boll weight, seed index and seed cotton yield