الفهرس 
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Abstract
Phthalocyanines, aromatic macrocycles constituted of four isoindole subunits
through aza bridges, have been widely studied in the last few years due to their
unusual physical properties. Porphyrins, phthalocyanines and related macrocycles
modified by the attachment of peripheral substituents, have found vast applications
in diverse areas such as chemical sensors.
When 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) (1) firstly was fused
a deep green product 2. The same reaction when repeated by route (B) in which 1
was fused with 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane (DBO) at 200 oC, then ethylene
glycol was added and the reaction was continued heating for about 10 hrs under
nitrogen gas they gave identical product 2. Yield was improved from 35% in case of
route (A) to 71% in case of route.