الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder resulting from insulin secretion, insulin action defect or both causing an elevation in blood glucose level. Synthetic hypoglycemic drugs can’t completely control glucose and have side effects, so in the last few decades, herbal medicines have received more interest on of theses is neem. Neem contains wide range of antioxidant as flavonoids, terpenoides, glycosides and polyphenols.
The objective of this study to evaluate the effects of diabetes on pregnant rats and anti-diabetic effect of neem leaf extract on STZ induced diabetic rats through the following:
The diabetic pregnant rats showed decrease in the maternal reproductive performance, maternal weight, fetal weight and increase in placental weight. While neem treated group showed increase in the maternal reproductive performance.
The diabetic group showed decrease in elevation in glucose, TC, LDL, TG and INF-γ, while showed decrease in insulin, estrogen, progesterone, HDL and IL-10. In contrast in diabetic group supplemented with neem. Also, the diabetic group showed increase in caspase-3 and TNF-α flow cytometric analysis of the placenta, while the diabetic treated with neem showed decrease in both.