الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF THE CORNEA
EndotheliumOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The human corneal endothelial cell is a non-regenerating predominantly hexagonal cell which covers the posterior surface of decrement’s membrane, it is metabolically active and plays an imperative role in maintaining the corneal transparency by pumping water from stroma to the aqueous humor. Damage to corneal endothelial cells caused by intraocular surgery, glaucoma, trauma or diseases, including diabetes mellitus, may result in irreversible corneal edema, since there is little or no mitotic activity in the human corneal endothelial cells after birth.
Assessment of corneal endothelial cell density and morphology provides important information about corneal endothelial function and viability and become an acceptance factor in practice and research to provide valuable information about this layer.
Corneal endothelial morphology can be measured with various instruments among them non contact specular microscopy which is found to be more patients friendly and less hazardous for any corneal epithelial damage and infection transmission. Our study was conducted to investigate corneal endothelial cell density, morphology, and thickness in type II diabetic and non-diabetic patients. We included specular microscopy evaluation of 60 eyes: group A: Non-diabetic patients, group B: Diabetic patients controlled.We concluded that type II diabetes is associated with a significant changes in the corneal endothelium including reduction in endothelial cell density, increased variation of cells shape (pleomorphism) and increased variation of cells area (polymegathism). There was no significant change in central corneal thickness.
However relatively small number of patients included is considered a limitation.