الفهرس 
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Abstract
C
hronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation; it’s associated with enhanced chronic inflammatory response to various stimuli (Decramer et al., 2012). It is a common preventable and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases (GOLD, 2017).
Statistical analysis of COPD prevalence in Egypt showed that 3 million from the Egyptian population have COPD. In different studies prevalence were from 3.3% up to 10%. Prevalence rate in men was ~6.7% while it was ~1.5% in women (Khattab et al., 2011).
A study published in 2014 showed that the prevalence of COPD among high-risk Egyptians by GOLD criteria was 9.6% (Said et al., 2014).
An increased seroprevalence of H. pylori has also been reported in various extra gastrointestinal disorders including skin, vascular, and autoimmune disorders, as well as in some respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, and lung cancer (NIH Consensus Development Panel on Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcer Disease. 1994).