الفهرس 
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Abstract
Otosclerosis is a term used to describe a localized disease of the bone derived from the otic capsule and characterized by alternating phases of bone resorption and formation.
The typical clinical features of otosclerosis are gradually increasing hearing loss, most frequently occurring between the third and fifth decade, and often associated with the presence of paracusis and tinnitus. Unilateral otosclerosis Occurs in approximately15% to 30%of patients. Tinnitus is a common symptom. Vertigo is not a prominent feature although some patients may experience as light and transitory giddiness.
The diagnosis of otosclerotic hearing loss is usually unproblematic. A positive family history is found in about 50% to 60% of the cases. Clinical bilateral affection is common (85%-90%). There is also tinnitus, paracusis of Willis. Otoscopy reveals a normal eardrum. Audiometric testing in otosclerosis reveals a conductive hearing loss. An interesting finding in otosclerosis is the deterioration of bone conduction thresholds at middle to high frequencies, the so-called Carhart notch. Tympanometry is generally normal, but sometimes a diminished compliance (A or As). The stapedial reflex is absent in all cases preoperative.
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When air conduction thresholds are lower than 30 dB HL no treatment was advised. In patients with moderate to severe hearing loss, and unwilling or unable to undergo surgery, hearing aids often yield good results when cochlear function is well preserved. In our country there is no known medicine available for treating the stapes fixation due to otosclerosis. Stapes surgery should be performed by surgeons who have special interest in otology. In approximately 90% of the cases, surgery results in a dramatic and prolonged hearing gain with closure of the air-bone gap to within 10 dB.
In this work, forty patients with otosclerosis were divided into two equal groups. The first group (A) underwent endoscopic stapedectomy and the second group (B) underwent microscopic stapedectomy.
The stapedectomy is routinely done using microscope. The objective of this study was to evaluate the endoscopic stapedectomy and to compare results of these cases with cases of microscopic stapedectomy.
Review of the literature revealed in many studies the high success rate for both techniques, There were no differences of operating time or postoperative hearing between the endoscopic and microscopic groups. There was very little postoperative pain in the endoscopic group. Postoperative dizziness was mild in all patients who received endoscopic surgery. Drilling at the posterosuperior part of the external auditory canal was less extensive in the endoscopic group than in the microscopic group.
According to this work´s statistical analysis and data, in endoscopic stapedectomy There was very little postoperative pain, dizziness was mild and Drilling at the posterosuperior part of the external auditory canal was less extensive than in the microscopic group. According to our analysis of the results, there were no statistically significant postoperative differences between the group of patients underwent endoscopic stapedectomy and those underwent microscopic stapedectomy (P value > 0.05).