الفهرس 
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Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic abnormality during pregnancy. It usually manifests itself in the second half of pregnancy and is characterized by carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity. Generally, the prevalence of GDM is proportional to the frequency of Type 2 diabetes within a given population.
Adiponectin is a physiologically active polypeptide hormone derived from adipose tissue and exhibits insulin-sensitizing, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has an important role in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, dyslipidemia and angiogenesis. Moreover, adiponectin has been suggested to play a regulatory role in the metabolic adaptation during human pregnancy and a solid body of evidence supports the role of adiponectin in normal gestation and pregnancy complications.
In this present study that was conducted to compare between the concentrations of serum adiponectin in women with gestational diabetes and normal pregnant women. Thirty women who have singleton pregnancies at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation were classified into two groups;
group (A): Included 15 pregnant women without gestational diabetes mellitus.(control group)
group (B): Included 15 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. (study group)
Results
The mean adiponectin levels of the pregnant women in the study group were significantly lower than the controls (2.97 ±1.09 versus 12.12±3.49, respectively) (p<0.0001). This shows and confirms that mid pregnancy hypo-adiponectinemia is associated with GDM. Further studies are needed to elucidate the potential role of adiponectin in regulating insulin resistance and development of GDM.
This demonstrates that plasma adiponectin concentrations at mid pregnancy are lower in pregnant women with GDM than normal pregnancies.
This study also showed a negative correlation between serum adiponectin and blood glucose. Also showed negative correlation between serum adiponectin and fetal weight.
Further studies are needed to elucidate the potential role of adiponectin in the development of GDM. Increased knowledge from such studies may yield strategies for identifying women at highest risk of developing GDM and mid pregnancy hypo-adiponectinaemia may be used as an indicator for higher risk of gestational diabetes.