الفهرس 
Vermiculture and vermicompostingOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Egypt production yearly of the solid waste is about 17 million tons from municipal sources, 6 million tons from industrial sources and 30 million tons from agricultural wastes. About 8% of municipal solid waste is composted, 2% recycled, 2% land-filled and 88% disposed in dumpsites (Medany., 2011). Organic wastes had a great role in maximizing the economical benefits by utilizing the earthworms as”biological machines”utilizing the waste for valuable merchandises.The earthworm Aprroctoidea caliginosa is an important member of the Egyptian soil fauna because of its ability to enhance soil structure and accelerate nutrient mineralization, also categorized as an endogeic species(Sims and Gerard, 1985). The acting of earthworm in soil nutrient mineralization may be related to their activity and growth (Marinissen and de Ruiter, 1993). Vermicomposting process includes the stabilization of organic matter by enhancing decomposition in the presence of earthworm as a natural bioreactor besides microorganisms in non thermophilic cycle (Atiyah et al. 2001). Although microorganisms are responsible for the biochemical degradation of organic matter, earthworms are crucial drivers of the process, by fragmenting and conditioning the substrate and dramatically altering its biological activity.Use of broad-range 16S rRNA gene and 5.8rRNA gene PCR as a tool for identification of bacteria and fungi is possible because the 16S rRNA gene is present in all bacteria and 5.8rRNA is present in all fungi (Woese,1987). The 16S rRNA and 5.8rRNA genes consist of highly conserved nucleotide sequences, interspersed with variable regions that are genus- or species-specific. PCR primers targeting the conserved regions of rRNA amplify variable sequences of the rRNA gene (Relman, 1999). Bacteria can be identified by nucleotide sequence analysis of the PCR product followed by comparison of this sequence with known sequences stored in a database(Clarridge, 2004).