الفهرس 
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Abstract
Campylobacter is considered as an emerging zoonotic bacterial threat in the poultry industry. Campylobacter-contaminated poultry meat is an important source of food borne gastroenteritis.
The phenotypic methods were used for examination of 101 broiler chicken, 26 chicken carcass and 80 human samples .The multiplex PCR were conducted on the positive isolates (67 of 285) to confirm them. In broiler farms, Campylobacter spp. were detected in 20 out of 101 samples by using conventional method .C.jejuni and C.coli were identified in the broiler chicken with the following percentages 10.89 % and 8.91 %, respectively .Multiplex PCR confirmed 17 out of 20 positive samples which identified by conventional method . 17 positive isolates which detected by molecular method were divided between C.coli and mixed infection in the following percentages 3.96% and 12.87%, respectively.
In poultry slaughter shops , isolation rates of C.jejuni and C.coli by conventional method were (15.38 % & 3.85 %) ,(11.54 % & 7.69 %) , (11.54 % ,15.38 %) and (15.38 % & 15 .38 % ) from intestinal contents ,liver , neck and wing skin , respectively .Molecular methods confirmed Campylobacter in all of positive samples which identified by conventional methods. C.coli and C.jejuni were detected with the following percentages (0% and 15.38%), (0% and 23.07%), (7.69% and 7.69% from the intestinal contents, liver, neck and wing, respectively. Wing and neck showed the highest rate of contamination between different examined organs.
In human, C.jejuni and C.coli were detected in 20 % and 7.5 %, respectively by using conventional method .While molecular technique detected C.coli and mixed infection in the following percentages 5 % and 22.5 %, respectively.
In children Campylobacter spp. were confirmed in 16 out of 60 samples which were collected from children suffering from abdominal disturbances. C.coli and mixed infection were detected in 6.66 % and 20 %, respectively. C.coli and mixed infection were identified with the percentage of (3.03 % & 27.27 %) and (11.11 % & 11.11 %) in males and females, respectively. Children in Abnoub showed the highest prevalence of Campylobacter infection with percentage of 62.5 % .While Manfalout showed the lowest prevalence of campylobacteriosis in children with percentage of 10%. Among the three studied age groups, ≤ 1 years aged children had the highest prevalence rate which accounted for 33% .Diarrhea and abdominal pain appeared to be the most common signs associated with campylobacteriosis as it appeared in 100% of positive samples .
In adults,the occurrence of Campylobacter infection was 30 % by using molecular technique . All isolates were identified as mixed infection .mixed infection was detected in 33.33% and 25% in males and females, respectively . mixed infection was identified in 50% and 16.66% in diarreic and non- diarrheic samples, respectively .Among the two studied age groups, Campylobacter infection appeared only in 18-39 years aged adults.