الفهرس 
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Abstract
Multiple epidemiological data showed a significant higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients with Parkinson’s disease when compared to healthy controls. Additionally, serum vitamin D level was found to have a significant impact on both motor and cognitive symptoms in PD. However, it is not clear that this correlation is a direct effect or that suffering from a chronic disease has caused reduced mobility and has played a reasonable role in the high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency.
The aim of this study is to assess serum vitamin D level in patients with Parkinson’s disease and to investigate the possible relationship between serum vitamin D level and both motor and cognitive symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.
The study was conducted on 25 patients with idiopathic PD and 25 normal healthy controls of both sexes, with a mean age 62.84±6.63 years for patients and 61.80 ±6.63 years for controls. There was no statistically significant difference between patients and controls regarding age or sex.
The motor symptoms in PD patients included in our study were assessed using UPDRS. The cognitive function of PD patients were assessed using Parkinson’s Disease - Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) that covers the full spectrum of cognitive deficits associated with PD including: attention, episodic memory (immediate and delayed recall), naming, visuospatial abilities (visuoconstructional and visuoperceptual abilities) and executive function (working memory, action verbal fluency and alternating verbal fluency).
All PD patients included in our study were radiologically assessed using structural MRI brain. Global brain atrophy was measured for all included patients using global cortical atrophy (GCA) scale.
Serum 25- hydroxy vitamin D level was measured for all PD patients and controls included in the study using competitive radio immune protein binding assay.
The results of our study were summarized in the following:
• PD patients were found to have significantly lower level of serum vitamin D than controls.
• 84% (n=21) of PD patients were found to have vitamin D deficiency, and 16% (n=4) were found to have normal vitamin D level. Regarding controls, 24%(n=6) were found to have vitamin D deficiency and 76% (n=19) were found to have normal vitamin D level.
• There was a statistically significant negative correlation between serum vitamin D level and the scores of motor, mentation, activities of daily livings, medication complications, other complication and the total score of UPDRS.
• There was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum vitamin D level and the scores of attention, working memory, immediate recall, delayed recall, naming, visuoperceptual abilities, visuoconstructional abilities, alternating verbal fluency, action verbal fluency, and the total score of PD-CRS.
• There was a statistically significant negative correlation between serum vitamin D level and the grade of brain atrophy.
• There was a statistically significant negative correlation between brain atrophy and the scores of attention, working memory, immediate recall, delayed recall, naming, visuoperceptual abilities, visuoconstructional abilities, alternating verbal fluency, action verbal fluency, or the total score of PD-CRS.
• There was a statistically significant positive correlation between brain atrophy and the scores of motor, mentation, activities of daily livings, medication complication, other complications and the total score of UPDRS.
• There was no statistically significant correlation between serum vitamin D level and age.