الفهرس 
1. IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
High blood cholesterol is a major modifiable risk factor of heart disease . A 10% decrease in total blood cholesterol can reduce the incidence of heart disease for as much as 30%.
This risk had lead to more aggressive treatment of hypercholesterolemia as well as a renewed focus modification of life style and diet which might promote reduction in LDL cholesterol .Lowering cholesterol level by drug isn’t recommended except in small minority of subjects at very high risk of coronary heart disease . Dietary interventions , by contrast , is safe however , for it to be effective , it must be sufficiently vigorous to achieve droping blood cholesterol at least 8 %.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of some starch seed brans on hypercholesterolemic rats induced by cholesterol powder
Forty adult male albino rats, weighting 150-160g were divided into eight groups each with five rats. One main group (5rats) Negative Control group which fed on basal diet and tap water, and the other main group (35rats) was fed on basal diet control (+) plus 1.5% cholesterol powder for three weeks to induce hypercholesterolemic inflicted. This main group was further divided into the following groups:
group (1): 5 rats: positive control group (untreated group basal diet).
group (2): 5 rats: treated with 5% rice bran diet.
group (3): 5 rats: treated with 5 %corn bran diet.
group (4): 5 rats: treated with 5% wheat bran diet.
group (5): 5 rats: treated with 10% rice bran bread diet . group (7): 5 rats: treated with 10% corn bran bread diet .
group (8): 5 rats: treated with 10%wheat bran bread diet.
At the end of experiment (4 weeks), the blood samples were collected after 12 hours fasting and serum was separated for determination of:
Lipid profile parameter : Cholesterol (TC), tri- glycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C),very low density lipoprotein(VLDL-C),malondialdehyd (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) , Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) , urea, creatinine, uric acid, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) ,alkaline phsphatase (A.L.P) and glucose.
At the same time, the organs: heart, kidney, liver, lungs and spleen were removed, washed in saline solution, wiped by filter paper, weighted, and stored frozen in formalin solution 10% for histopathological examinations (liver and aorta only).
Statistical analysis:-
The data were statistically analyzed using a computerized costat program by one way ANOVA. The results are presented as mean± SD. Differences between treatments at (P > 0.05) were considered significant.
The obtained results can be summarized as the following:
Firstly: The Biological Results.
The effect of experimental diets on BWG, FI, and FER:
The mean value of body weight gain BWG (g) of negative control was significantly (p<0.05) higher when compared with positive control, which was 0.59 ± 0.106 , 0.4111 ± 0.0611 g where as the mean value of treated groups were 0.35 ± 0.0216 and 0.59±0.0765 g, being higher compared with positive control.
The mean value of (FI) of negative control was significantly (p<0.05) higher when compared with positive control, which was 20.14± 1.71 , 14.33 ± 2.16 g whereas the mean value of treated all groups was higher when compared with positive control.
The mean value of feed efficiency ratio (FER), for negative control was higher significantly (p<0.05) as compared with positive control it was 0.03 ±0.002 and 0.0287±0.0061 respectively . While the mean value of treated groups ranged 0.0166±0.0021 to 0.0266±0.0022 being higher when compared with positive control.
The effect of experimental diets on Weight of internal organs:
The mean value of weight of negative control was significantly (p<0.05) all internal organs lower as compared with positive control , but it was decreased in all treated groups compared with positive control. This inducted alleviation of inflammatory changes .
The effect of experimental diets on serum lipids:
As for total cholesterol (TC), the results revealed that the mean value of all treated groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
Concerning triglycerides (TG), the mean value of all treated groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) when compared with positive control As for high density lipoprotein (HDL), the results revealed that the mean value of all groups were higher (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
As for low density lipoprotein (LDL), the mean value of all groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
As for very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), the mean value of all groups were lower (p<0.05) as compared with positive control.
As for atherogeric index(AI) , the mean value of all groups were lower (p<0.05) when compared with positive control .
The effect of experimental diets on lipid peroxidation:
As for Malondialdehyde (MAD) , the results revealed that the mean value of all treated groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
As for Glutathione (GSH) the results revealed that the mean value of all groups were higher (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
As for superoxide dismutase (GOD) the results revealed that the mean value of all groups were higher (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
As for Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) the results revealed that the mean value of all groups were higher (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
As for Catalase (CAT) the results revealed that the mean value of all groups were higher (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
The effect of experimental diets on Kidney functions:
As for Urea , the mean value of all groups were lower (p<0.05) as compared with positive control.
As for Creatinine, the mean value of all groups were lower (p<0.05) as compared with positive control.
As for Uric acid, the results showed that the mean value of (uric acid), for negative control and all treated groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
The effect of experimental diets on Liver functions:
As for (GOT) activity the results showed that the mean value of GOT for all groups were significantly less (p<0.05) when compared with positive control. Also, GPT and ALP activities were significantly less (p<0.05) when compared with positive control.
The effect of experimental diets on glucose:
As for glucose, the mean value of all groups were lower (p<0.05) as compared with positive control.
Secondary: The Histopathological Results:
Histopathological investigation revealed that due to inflicting with hypercholesterolemia , pronounced textural changes occurred in control (+) sections of liver and aorta . Never than less due to nutritional intervention by feeding on diets containing rice , corn and wheat brans diets and their breads structural alterations either ameliorated or sometimes completely disappeared . Accordingly histopathological investigation confirmed both biological and biochemical parameters.