الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: Workplace violence against nurses is acknowledged as a continuously rising occupational hazard requires a great attention worldwide. It is adversely affects quality of care and nurses’ quality of life. Aim: Determine pattern, prevalence and risk factors of workplace violence among nurses in outpatient clinics. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional design. Subjects: Two hundred nurses working in the outpatient clinics of 4 general hospitals that selected using multistage random selection from Menoufia Governorate hospitals, Egypt. Tool: Self-administered that derived from a questionnaire developed by International Labor Office, WHO, International Council of Nurses and Public Services International, 2003; and translated into Arabic language and validated by the researchers. The data collected was socio-demographic, workplace violence data, workplace characteristics, factors Workplace violence and consequences of workplace violence. Results: Most of nurses (96.5%) hadn’t previous training about workplace violence, 79.0% were exposed to workplace violence, and the common type of violence was psychological 77.8%. Sources of workplace violence were patients 45.6% and patients’ relatives 43.0%. The consequences of WPV were psychological disturbance 44.9%, lack of desire for work 25.3%, absence from work 11.4% and increase the level of carefulness and alertness 18.4. The factors that might increase workplace violence in outpatient clinics were: at nurses’ level, low level of educational; while at workplace level: restriction of patient care fees to specific place, work shifts, unknown procedures for reporting workplace violence, shortage of nurses, lack of safety measures, and unsuitable waiting place for patients. Conclusion: workplace violence is alarming and highly reported by nurses in outpatient clinics. The common type of violence was psychological and sexual-violence. The risk factors that might increase workplace violence were low level of education, work shifts, unknown procedures for reporting workplace violence, shortage of nurses, lack of safety measures, and unsuitable waiting place for patients. Recommendation: Effective educational preparation and training for nurses concerning strategies for prevention and reduction of violence are essential; develop workplace environment with enough safety measures, policies and procedures for managing workplace violence.