الفهرس 
LITERATURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The continuity of urban expansion that has been observed in the Fifth Settlement, Cairo, Egypt will cause an increase in impervious areas, and accordingly will have an effect on the hydrological parameters and natural water cycle, such as increasing runoff volumes and decreasing the maximum soil infiltration potential. No studies were performed to examine the effect that the change in land use would have on the hydrological parameters of the watersheds in this area.
However, a great deal of research has been done in several locations from around the world that are available to study and serve this purpose. Most of the research was based on a combination of remote sensing with the Soil Conservation Service model in order to automate the calculation of runoff and test the impacts of urban expansion on runoff by connecting the two modeling results with spatial analysis techniques on Geographic Information System (GIS). The Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment model run on a GIS is a relatively simple, user-friendly model that uses the Curve Number (CN) method to estimate changes in surface runoff between different stages of development.
Results showed that the percentage of impervious areas increased over 10 years of urban expansion by about 30% of the total area of the catchment. Also, the runoff depths increased by an average of 15%, and the runoff volumes increased approximately 10 times more than under natural conditions. Finally, this study provides useful information for land-use planning, management and the proposed methods that can serve as a useful tool for future impact of land-use studies. Also, from this study, it recommended to divide the study area as much possible into several sections, and to study each section as a standalone area in order to guarantee more accurate results related to faster classification.