الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Perineal trauma is one of the most common problems of vaginal births with a severe impact on the quality of life for a healthy woman. About 85% of women in the UK sustain some degree of perineal trauma during childbirth, while 43% of women exposed to perineal trauma in Egypt. Meanwhile, different perineal management techniques are widely used by the maternity nurses and birth attendants to reduce the occurrence of perineal trauma. Aim of the study: This study aimed to of this study was to evaluate the practices that applying on protection of perineal trauma among parturient women during second stage of labor. Subject and methods: a cross sectional descriptive design was carried out at two governmental hospitals at Mansoura city & two private hospitals at El Mahala El Koubra city, Egypt on 113 parturient women in the 2nd stage of labor, who were selected by convenient sample technique. Data collection lasted 6 months, by using documentary data sheet and observational checklist. Results: the incidence of perineal trauma was nearly three quarter among parturient women. The risk factors for perineal trauma were short birth interval, old episiotomy, fundal pressure and maternal obesity. Meanwhile, hands on technique, perineal massage and guided pushing technique were suitable interventions that used to reduce the occurrence of perineal trauma. This study recommended that necessary to establishing a standard protocol for perineal management techniques during second stage of labor to reduce the occurrence of perineal trauma.