الفهرس 
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Abstract
At present, there are extensive discussion in the scientific community about the greenhouse gas (GHG) and its vital role in atmospheric chemistry, methane (CH4) is considered as the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2). It has 25 times higher global warming potential (GWP) and 20% radiative forcing as compared to CO2.
Rice is one of the most staple food in the world and is generally cultivated under flooded condition, so submerged rice paddy fields are recognized as an important anthropogenic source for CH4 emission as compared by the other sources whereas the global CH4 emission rate from paddy field was estimated to be 20 - 40 Tg year-1.
The main objectives of the study were as follows:
1-Invetory and estimate emission of CH4 from rice paddy fields in Egypt during the period from 2005 – 2014. Emissions were estimated using the methodology of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines 2006.
2- Studying options to mitigate emissions of CH4 from rice paddy fields in Egypt. An experiment was conducted to measure emission using different varieties of rice treated with different types of fertilizers.
The experiment was designed with two nitrogen fertilizer types, (ammonium sulfate and urea). Two rice cultivars (Giza 177 and Sakha106) were used for the plots experiment. Each experiment replicated triply. Methane flux was measured at different growth stages for the two rice cultivar treated with ammonium sulfate or urea fertilizer.
The investigation indicated the following results:
The average annual emission of CH4 from rice paddy soil was 221.23 Gg CH4 yr-1, The average annual emission of methane equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2eq) was 5,088.29 Gg /yr-1
There was significant increase in methane emission fluxes due to plantation of Sakha106 rice as compared with Giza 177 of two rice varieties, Moreover, ammonium sulfate treatment significantly reduced CH4 emissions by 50 to 55 % emissions compared to urea plots. Also results indicated that the combination of (NH4) 2SO4 application and sakha106 rice was the best treatment. It was concluded that the CH4 emission was dependent on the type of nitrogen fertilizer and rice varieties in Egypt paddy soils.
Keywords: Methane, Rice fields, Sakha106, Giza177, Emission, Global warming, IPCC Guidelines