الفهرس 
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Abstract
In the present study, bacteriological examination of 290 samples
from wild birds (ibises, jackdaws and sparrows) was carried out. Only 40
samples were positive for P. aeruginosa with an incidence of 13.7%. P.
aeruginosa was isolated from ibises, jackdaws and sparrows with
incidences of 18%, 18.8% and 5%, respectively. Different virulence tests
were done. All strains were positive for Congo red binding test with
percentage 100%, only 15 strains were pigment producers, and all strains
were biofilm producers with glass and plastic surfaces. Antibiotic
susceptibility testing of 40 strains was determined to 12 antibiotic agents.
All strains were multidrug resistant to different antibiotic agents. PCR
technique was used to detect mexR gene and arr gene in some P.
aeruginosa strains. All eighteen strains gave positive to mexR gene, while
11 out of 12 gave positive to arr gene. Sequencing of three strains by
mexR gene showed (83.1%-98%) identity between each other and
deposited in one group. Sequencing of two strains by arr gene showed
(37.5%) identity between each other and deposited in a group differ from
each other.