الفهرس 
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Abstract
RVF is a viral notifiable zoonotic disease primarily of domestic ruminants, classified as a Category a pathogen and an overlap select agent by CDC and the Department of Agriculture, characterized by high rate of abortion and neonatal mortality, primarily in sheep, goats, cattle and camels. In humans, RVF infections are usually inapparent or associated with a moderate to severe, nonfatal, influenza-like illness, a minority of patients may develop retinal lesions, encephalitis, or severe hepatic disease with hemorrhagic manifestations, which is generally fatal.
RVFV has been introduced for the first time to Egypt in July, 1977, an outbreak of RVF began in the Aswan Province, then spread up the Nile Valley, Sharqiya, Qalyobia, Giza, Sohag, Assiut and Minya ultimately resulting in more than 18,000 human infections and 600 deaths, In late May, 1993 RVF has occurred in Aswan province (Egypt) in man and domestic animals with unknown source of re-introduction, Another outbreak has occurred in Aswan and Assuit Provinces, between April and August 1997. The importation of infected ruminants, especially camels from Sudan was the principle source of infection. Aswan the nearest Egyptian province to Sudan considers the focus of RVFV infection in Egypt, in 2003, 45 cases of RFV including 17 deaths in seedy salim district, in Kafr el-sheikh governorate.
The present study was designed to evaluate the current Epizootiological status of RVFv at the border governorates of Egypt in various animal species which achieved through detection of IgG and IgM antibodies in serum sample from (cattle, sheep, goat and camels) by using competitive multi species ELISA kits, Detection of IgM antibodies in serum samples from these animals by using IgM captur ELISA kits, Detection of viral RNA in ELISA positive serum samples by using RT-PCR
All investigated samples were negative for RVF antibody (IgM) by using ELISA test as well as all serum samples and insect’s samples were negative by RT-PCR for RVFv-RNA detection.
All samples were negative for RVFv IgM antibodies while for RVFv IgG give positive result in all species namely cattle 10/259 (3.86%), ,sheep 8/256 (3.12%) ,goats 5/173 (2.89%) and camels 41/242 (16.94%) total positive 64/930 (6.88%)
All positive samples for RVF antibody (IgG) tested from Aswan governorate
Majority of positive samples for RVFv antibodies (IgG) with age range from 2-5 years and collected in summer season with slight variable in sex.
7-Conclusion
1-Rift valley fever is an enzootic viral disease in Egypt which affected livestock
2-The introduction of infection and outbreaks since 1977 till now from the southern border of Egypt (Aswan governorate) due to its location with neighboring African countries recorded outbreaks according to OIE reports.
3-Laboratory diagnosis as ELISA test for RVF antibodies detection for IgG and IgM and RT-PCR for RNA detection is one of sensitive and specific laboratory tools
4-The control of Rift valley fever must be under restricted steps include obligatory vaccination by local inactivated vaccine, vector control, annually serosurvellance for evaluation of the vaccination process and public health education.