الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The sphenoid sinus is extremely variable in size, shape, and relation to the sella. Individual variations are attributed to the types of sphenoid sinus pneumatization, varying number and position of septa, and the relationship with surrounding neurovascular structures. Radiological evaluation (CT scans) and endoscopy complement each other and make for a full evaluation of the patient and the disease state.
Lang’s classified the types of sphenoid sinus pneumatization according to the degree of pneumatization relative to the sella turcica into 4 types; Conchal, Pre-sellar, Sellar, and Post-sellar.
The Sphenoid sinus is usually composed of two irregular unequal cavities in the body of the sphenoid bone. It is divided by one or more vertical septa (main and accessory) that are often asymmetric. Complete or incomplete accessory/ multiple septum in the sphenoid sinuses had also been reported.
The Onodi cell is intimately related to the optic nerves, sphenoid sinus, and pituitary fossa. Surgeons may confuse it with the sphenoid sinus. The existence of an Onodi cell may make sphenoid sinus surgery difficult. Delano et al. categorized the various relationships between the optic nerve and posterior PNS into four groups, as follows: Type I, II, III and IV.
The ICA lies in direct relation to the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus. Depending on the pneumatization of the sphenoid, the bulge of the ICA may be barely noticeable or highly noticeable. In some patients, a dehiscence in the bony margin was present.
The aim of the study was to analyze the anatomical variants of sphenoid sinus radiologically as regards types of pneumatization, inter-sphenoid sinus septation, Onodi cell presence, and relations of the neurovascular structures in the walls of the sphenoid sinus as regards optic nerve and ICA.
The study was conducted on 100 adult patients, selected randomly from the patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology department at the Alexandria Main University Hospital for sinonasal complaints and underwent the investigations for various suspected sinonasal diseases. Patients selected were having no previous sphenoid sinus pathologies or surgeries.
A prospective descriptive analytical approach was adopted for this study. Non contrast thin-collimation contiguous helical scanning with a maximum section thickness of no greater than 1 mm with the patient in supine position of 100 patients selected randomly from the patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology department at the Alexandria Main University Hospital for sinonasal complaints and underwent the investigations for various suspected sinonasal diseases was obtained.