الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nanotechnology plays a major role in the development of innovative methods for the production of new products and reformulates new materials with improved performance. The benefits of na-nomaterials are more rapid and effective. Nanoparticles exhibit unique physical and chemical properties and hence received much attention from scientists and researchers from different areas of sciences. In present era the focus on the development of organic and inorganic nanocomposite materials with high stability and selectivity have been paid. Biopolymer based nanocomposites, which incorporate advantages of both nanoparticles and polymers have received interest in both academia and industry. They have outstanding mechanical properties and compatibility owing to their polymer matrix and unique physical and chemical properties due to unusually large surface area to volume ratios and high interfacial reactivity of nanofillers. Thus the present work have been carried out for the synthesis of different nanoparticles and their bio based nanocomposites. The nanomaterials have been explored for diverse applications. Outstanding potentials of nanocomposites can be exemplified by the massive investments from many companies and governments throughout the world. As a result, nanocomposites are ex-pected to generate a great impact in world economy and business. This is very much evident from the publications pouring in, particularly on a variety of properties suited for different applica-tions. Also an estimated annual growth rate of about 25% and fastest demand to be in engineering plas-tics and elastomers, their potential is so striking that they are useful in several areas ranging from packaging to biomedical applications. In this unified overview the three types of matrix nano-composites are presented underlining the need for these materials, their processing methods and some recent results on structure, properties and potential applications, perspectives including need for such materials in future space mission and other interesting applications together with market and safety aspects. Possible uses of natural materials such as clay based minerals, chryso-tile and lignocellulosic fibers are highlighted. Being environmentally friendly, applications of nanocomposites offer new technology and business opportunities for several sectors of the aero-space, automotive, electronics and biotechnology industries.