الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this work, studies on the effect of calcination temperature as well as Ce and Sm doping on the physical properties of bismuth ferrite nanoflakes have been presented. The samples were synthesized by sol–gel method followed by calcination in air. To study the effect of calcination temperature on the structural, electrical and magnetic propertied of BFO, the synthesized samples were calcined at different temperatures 300, 400 and 500 °C. The structural analysis show that 500 °C is the most proper temperature for producing well crystlalline nanoflakes and the materials crystalize in typical rhombohedral structure. Scanning electron microscope investigations show that the materials consist of nanoflakes with mesoporous morphology and average particle size ~ (52) nm. The magnetic measurement shows significant enhancement of the ferromagnetism with the increase of the calcination temperature which may be mainly attributed to the crystallinity improvement and the change of the oxygen vacancies content. The DC electrical resistivity measurement was carried out by the two-probe method. The temperature dependence of resistivity behavior shows typical semiconductor features for the synthesized nanoparticles. To investigate the effect of Ce doping on the physical properties of BFO, samples of Bi1-xCexFeO3 (where x= 0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1) were synthesized using sol-gel method followed by calcination at 500 °C. The morphology studies depicted that the samples consist of mesoporous