الفهرس 
Substance use disorderOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 127 |  |  |
| | | from | 127 | | |
Abstract
Background: Drug abuse is a major social problem of the modern world as it is very common. It is estimated that a total of 246 million people, or 1 out of 20 people between the ages of 15 and 64 years, used an illicit drug in 2013. The majority of these illicit drugs or their metabolites are excreted through the kidneys and renal complications of drug abuse are very common. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can significantly decrease morbidity and mortality in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is currently diagnosed by functional biomarkers, such as serum creatinine measurement and estimation of urine flow rate. However, an elevation in serum creatinine is noticed only when GFR has already reduced below 50% of normal. Consequently, more reliable biomarkers than creatinine are necessary for both an accurate evaluation of renal function and an early detection of AKI.
Aim of the study: To study the prevalence of acute kidney injury among drug abuse intoxicated cases and to evaluate the role of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) as an early predictor biomarker of acute kidney injury in such patients.
Patient and methods: This study is a prospective observational study performed at Poison control Center Ain Shams University was conducted on 75 drug abuse intoxicated patients during a period of 6 months from November 2016 to April 2017. Patients who developed AKI according to KDIGO criteria were assigned to the AKI group (n = 20), and those without AKI were assigned to the non-AKI group (n =55).
Results: On comparison of renal function of drug abuse intoxicated patients who developed AKI with non AKI group the serum creatinine and serum urea of these patients started to rise significantly within the 3rd day of admission while AKI patients in our study were significantly higher in serum and urinary NGAL in the first day of admission than Non- AKI which reflects the potential role of plasma and urinary NGAL as an early biomarker in predicting AKI.
Conclusion: Both serum NGAL and urinary NGAL levels measured at admission in drug abuse intoxicated patients can predict an occurrence of AKI for up to 72 hours of hospital stay with the cut off points of 262.5 ng/ml and 84.5 ng/ml respectively.