الفهرس 
STATE OF THE ART
Basics of remote sensingOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Lake Burullus is the second largest natural coastal lake in Egypt.It lies in the Nile Delta, between the two Nile river branches(Damietta and Rosetta).It
has an economic importance for fish yield in Egypt. However, it is
considered as one of the vulnerable Egyptian coastal lakes, where it is
subjected to significant environmental changes caused by the various
anthropogenic activities. A severe deterioration of its water quality status, as well as a decrease of its water area have been noticed. The main objective of this study is to assess the water quality status of the lake for the period, fro
2010 to 2013, in addition to detecting the changes in the water area of th
lake for the past four decades, using Remote Sensing(RS)and Geographic Information System (GIS)techniques. The specific objectives of this study are: evaluating the ability of RS technique to retrieve the water quality parameters, detecting the changes in the water area of Lake Burullus using
RS and GIS techniques and assessing the water quality conditions in the lake
using three different assessment approaches and GIS technique. The results revealed the critical state of water quality conditions of Lake Burullus, particularly for the southern and southeastern parts of the lake. The results showed that,some water quality parameters (Chl-a,TSS, pH, Fe, Zn, Cr and(NH4) can be retrieved from RS imageries with reasonable accuracy. While the water quality parameters which can be predicted, based on calibrated and validated regression models are TSS, Chl-a, NH4 and Zn, with acceptable accuracy. The results also showed that, a significant change has occurred in the water area of Lake Burullus during the past four decades, where the lake has lost about 49% of its total surface water area, during the study period(1972-2015).Lake Burullus needs urgent planes and strategies to prevent the continuous infringements on the lake to maintain its water quality conditions
and water area and to return the lake to the life. In spite of the acceptable
accuracy of RS and GIS techniques, they proved their abilities as cheap and
effective techniques to monitor the changes in water quality conditions and
the area of shallow coastal lagoons.