الفهرس 
Historical Review of the Use of Stone ColumnOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This thesis aims to study the application of using stone columns to strengthen, consolidate the soft clay soil and increase the footing load capacity. In addition to reduce the expected collapse of the foundations when constructed on soft soils.In this research a practical program contains various types of soft clay soil were prepared in the laboratory. The subgrade soils has been strengthened by stone columns with different diameters and lengths and loaded until the failure. The main control parameter of ultimate load capacity at different cases with corresponding settlement were recorded and plotted to show the most benefit of such technique in improving the soft clay below the foundation.Results demonstrated that the maximum capacity of the load of the soil reinforced by stone columns depends on the diameter and length of the stone column. The improvement in the ratio of the carrying capacity based on a stone column base to about 3.2 times the carrying capacity of the foundation without stone columns. The study also included numerical modeling by Geotechnical specialist theoretical program (Plaxis 2d) for an analysis of the effect of allowing the drainage of water during loading (Drained conditions) because of the difficulty of making this technique in the laboratory. The study also confirmed the theory that the presence of the stone column works to increase the clay stiffness and significantly improved the coefficient subgrade modulus which reached to 7.7 times the value of subgrade soil without soil stone columns.