الفهرس 
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Abstract
The Western Style Diet (WSD); called the meat-sweet diet or standard American diet, is characterized by an over availability of food, with high intakes of high-fat foods, high-sugar desserts and drinks, as well as high intakes of red meat, refined grains,
WSD underlies the epidemic growing of obesity in the United States and throughout the world. It has been recognized as the major contributor to metabolic disturbances, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Also, it has been associated with an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease CKD. A combination of dietary factors contributes to the impairment of renal vascularization, steatosis, inflammation, hypertension, and impaired renal hormonal regulation. It is thought to be contributed to the increasing incidence of several chronic illnesses including cancer (especially colon and liver), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and osteoporosis.
The main objective of this study was to:1-To examine the effect of high fat diet and high fat high fructose diet on lipid metabolism in mice and uninephrectomized rats compared to low fat group. 2-To examine the effect of high fat diet and high fat high fructose diet on kidney functions in mice and uninephrectomized rats compared to low fat group. 3-To assess the antioxidant status in mice and uninephrectomized rats which fed on high fat diet and high fat high fructose diet compared to low fat group. 4-To elucidate the potential crucial role of NLRP3 inflammasome protein complex in mediating inflammatory diseases and the correlations between obesity and type 2 diabetes in all groups.
Forty rats weighing (100-120) g and 30 mice weighing (20-30) g were divided to the following groups:
Group1:A group contains 10 mice fed 15 g¬¬¬¬/day from the low fat diet (LF) for two months.
Group2: A group contains 10 mice fed 15 g¬¬¬¬/day from the high fat diet (HF) for two months.
Group3: A group contains 10 mice fed 15 g¬¬¬¬/day from the high fat high fructose diet (HFF) for two months.
Group4: A group contains 10 rats fed 30 g¬¬¬¬/day from the low fat diet (LF) for two months.
Group5: Sham group contains 10 rats fed 30 g¬¬¬¬/day from the low fat diet (LF) for two months.
Group6: Uninephrectomized group contains 10 rats fed 30 g¬¬¬-/day from the high fat diet (HF) for two months.
Group7: Uninephrectomized group contains 10 rats fed 30 g¬¬¬-/day from the high fat high fructose diet (HFF) for two months.
At the start of experiment all groups fed (LF) diet at incubation period for 2 weeks.
*Body weight was determined at zero time and end point.
After 2 months animals of each group were fasted overnight before blood sampling and scarified under diethyl ether anesthesia. The following parameters were estimated: serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein ,high density lipoprotein, plasma glucose, serum insulin , serum and urine creatinine, serum uric acid, serum urea, urine microalbumine, serum cystatin- C ,serum NLRP3, while kidney paraoxinase 1, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide and malondialdhyde were estimated in kidney tissue homogenate. Some kidneys were taken to histopathological examination.
The results obtained were summarized as follow:
The mean value of serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein, plasma glucose, serum insulin, serumand urine creatinine, serum uric acid, serum urea, urine microalbumin, serum cystatin- C, NLRP3, kidney nitric oxide and malondialdhyde were significantly increased in high fat and high fat high fructose compared to low fat group, also the levels of these parameter in HFF group increased significantly compared to HF group and this confirmed with histopathology results.
Paraoxinase-1, reduced glutathione, high density lipoprotein and GFR were significantly decreased in high fat and high fat fructose compared to low fat group, also the levels of these parameter in HFF group decrease significantly compared to HF group , this confirmed with histopathology results.
The current data shows a positive correlation between total cholesterol and glucose in high fat and high fat high fructose group with negative correlation with GFR.
In addition, there was a positive correlation between total cholesterol, NLRP3, HOMA IR and MDA. On other hand, there was positive correlation between reduced glutathione and high density lipoprotein with a negative correlation with triacylglycerol.