الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was undertaken to report the prevalence rate of Hymenolepis species among rodents and children from different 4 localities in Assiut governorate.
• Rodents
A total number of 130 rats (100 domestic rats and 30 laboratory rats) were included in this study. Males (60) and females (40) of Rattusrattus were trapped from different localities in Assiut Governorate including, Assiut city (18), Sahel Sleem (29), Elfath (21) and Abnob (32). Wistar rats including 15 females and 15 males were purchased from the Animal House Faculty of medicine, Assiut University.
The prevalence rate of Hymenolepisspp in Rattusrattus was (45%), while there was no infection found in laboratory rats found. The prevalence rate was higher infection in female-domestic rats (62.5%), but in male-domestic rats it was 33.3%. Mixed infection was found among domestic rats H. nana and H. diminuta. The prevalence of H. diminutain Rattusrattus was 43%, while mixed infection rate was 6.25%.
• Children
A total number of 120 children complaining from diarrhea, abdominal pain, itching, bloating and/or poor weight gain and were not treated with antiparasitictherapy for one month, from different localities in Assiut Governorate were included. The children ages ranged from 3 to 16 years old and the sex of children was 54 females, 66 males.
The only Hymenolepisspp found in infected children in Assiut governorate was H.nana, the prevalence rate was 28.3%, the prevalence in male-children was 32.8%, while female-children was 23.7%. Moreover, according to age the highest prevalence rate (36.3%) of H. nana infection was detected in the third age group (10-16 years), followed by the prevalence rate (28.5%) among children in the second age group (5->10 years). The lowest prevalence rate (14.2%) was estimated in the first age group (3->5 years).
In this study, molecular identification of Hymenolepis spp. was used, 13 Hymenolepis spp. were selected including H. nana (2) and H. diminuta (11) worms which were randomly selected from the identified H. diminuta worm.
Similar results were obtained by both morphological and molecular identification. PCR-RFLP of ITS-1 gene by using Msp Ιenzyme pattern of H. nana was represented by two bands with 223 and 423bp. However, H.diminuta PCR products remained undigested and represented by one band with 748 bp.