الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Paratyphoid Salmonellosis has adverse effects at each stage from production to marketing. As a result of misuse of antibiotics in human and poultry, serious increase in the spreading of multiple antibiotic resistant Salmonella.
This study was aimed to isolate paratyphoid Salmonella from replacement and layer chicken and a molecular detection of most common resistance genes from the isolated Salmonellae and role of live attenuated vaccine in prevention of Salmonella. To achieve our goals the following points were investigated:
1- Two hundred apparently healthy, diseased and freshly died replacement and layer chickens were collected from Sharkia Governorate and subjected to clinical and post mortem examination . Specimens from Liver, cecum, lung, ovary and heart were aseptically collected for bacterial isolation.
2- Twenty four (12%) birds were found positive while 176 (88%) birds were negative for Salmonella isolation.
3-. The prevalence of the isolated bacteria from different internal organs of examined birds in this study showed that the highest percentage of Salmonella was from liver 37.5% followed by cecum 33,3% ; ovary 20.8% ;heart 8.3% and not detected in lung
4- The serogrouping of 24 different Salmonella revealed four different serogroups were identified as Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurum, Salmonella kentucky and Salmomella newport. Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium were the most prevalent serogroups with a percentage 54.17% and 20.83% respectively. Salmonella Kentucky and Salmonella newport were recorded with a percentage of 8.33% an and 4.17% respectively.