الفهرس 
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Abstract
Using drugs during pregnancy represents a special concern due to
their potential teratogenic effects or their effect on the course of
pregnancy and maternal health, It has been documented that congenital
abnormalities caused by human teratogenic drugs account for less than
1% of total congenital abnormalities. (Sachdeva & Patel, 2009).
On the other hand, physiological changes that occur during
pregnancy may affect the kinetics of the medications used during
pregnancy. These changes may include placental enzymes, maternal
blood flow and volume, distribution of drugs in this increased blood
volume and renal clearance, It was found that the use of non-prescribed
medications during pregnancy is 1.5 times more than prescribed ones (
Elberry, et al,2015).
Studies recommended that there was a need to inform pregnant
women about the dangers of drugs use. Patient awareness and education
about non-prescribed medications should be provided by all health-care
providers. Patients should be instructed to follow the directions carefully
and to use the medications for the shortest necessary period of time.
This study was conducted in Menoufia Governorate at maternal
and child health centers in Shebin El Kom city (Qebly and Bahary MCH
centers) to assess women’s knowledge about the use of non-prescribed
medication during pregnancy and explore relationship between socio
demographic data and knowledge about use of non- prescribed
medication during pregnancy.
1. The estimated sample size was two hundred and thirty-seven (237)
pregnant women. The sample fulfilling these criteria: a) pregnant woman,
b) at any trimester c) pregnant women who can read and write.
d) Pregnant women who are willing to participate in the study.A pilot study has been conducted to test the feasibility,
applicability of the tools and the maneuvers of the interventions, to
examine the necessary modifications required for each tool and the time
needed to fill the modified tool.it was conducted on 10 % of the total
sample. It was 23 pregnant women. They were excluded from the study
population to assure the stability of the results and the necessary
modifications have been made.
The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire composed
of knowledge scale. Questions regarding knowledge about non prescribed
medication use during pregnancy: 6 questions, two questions were
answered by No and yes answers, two questions were scored by don’t
know, incorrect and correct answers and two questions were scored by
don’t know incomplete and complete answers.
The data collection instruments were included:
Divided into two section include
Tool I. interviewing questionnaire (Appendix I)
It was developed by the research. The tool consisted of the following
parts:
Part 1: Socio demographic characteristics include; age, education,
occupation, husband education & occupation and residence.
Part 2: Medical and surgical history as medical disease, medication
intake, and any previous surgery.
Part 3: Menstrual history as age of menarche, regularity of the period,
duration of the cycle, amount of bleeding.
Part 4: Previous obstetric history: as gravidity, parity, abortion
&complications during past pregnancies.
Part 5: Data about present pregnancy: as gestational age, presence of
any congenital anomalies.Tool II. Interviewing Questionnaire about women’s knowledge about
use of non- prescribed medication during pregnancy (Appendix II)
This tool was developed by researcher. it was used to test women’s
knowledge about use of non- prescribed medication during pregnancy.
The tool consisted of the following parts:
Part 1: Current history about the use of non- prescribed medication
during pregnancy.
Part 2: Woman’s knowledge about non- prescribed medication use
during pregnancy.
Part 3: Woman’s knowledge about non- prescribed medication use
safety and risks during pregnancy.
Part 4: Woman’s sources of information about non- prescribed
medication use during pregnancy.
Part 5: Reasons of use non- prescribed medication during pregnancy.
Part 6: Benefits of non- prescribed medication use during pregnancy.
Conclusion:
The present study showed that, the majority of studied women had
poor knowledge about use of non-prescribed medications during
pregnancy. More than one third of studied women had fair
knowledge about the use of non-prescribed medications during
pregnancy. Meanwhile more than one fifth of studied women had
good knowledge about the use of non-prescribed medications during
pregnancy.
There was statistical significant association between knowledge of
pregnant women towards non-prescribed medication use during
pregnancy & their educational level, their occupation, residence,
and husband education.
Therefore this study succeeded in answering research questions.Recommendation
Based on the Based on the findings of the present study, the
following recommendations are suggested:
1. Incorporate counseling during antenatal visit about non -prescribed
medication use &its side effect, safety as well as the dangers
during pregnancy.
Recommendation for future research
1. Replication of the research study to further setting using a large
sample.
2. Health education program about non-prescribed medication use
during pregnancy targeting Pharmacists, family members, mothers,
and relatives.
3. Conducting health education programs for nurses and healthcare
providers, in relation to non-prescribed medication intake during
pregnancy and its bad consequences.
4. Future research could also be designed to specifically find out
which drugs are commonly self-medicated among pregnant women
during each stage (trimester) of pregnancy.