الفهرس 
List of abbreviations
Physiological Changes in PregnancyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI) is one of the most important causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI) is classified into pre-renal, renal and post-renal. The main cause are acute tubular necrosis. However, some causes might be more related to pregnancy state and can be categorized according to the characteristics of each trimester. As early causes as hyperemesis gravidarum and septic abortion or late conditions as pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and its complications, HELLP syndrome, Peri-partum HUS, AFLP, antepartum hemorrhage (APH), Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and Sepsis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the first pro-angiogenic factor discovered. VEGF expression results in enhanced neovascularization. VEGF effect is mediated by enhancement of both mobilization and/or survival of circulating EPCs. Moreover, VEGF secreted by BM-MSCs contributed to overall renal repair process by stimulation of mitosis, proliferation, differentiation of RSCs and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to test the relationship between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) as an angiogenic marker which has an important role in Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) contribution to vascular repair, and the renal outcome in cases of pregnancy related AKI. Our study was conducted on 76 pregnant ladies, attended Gynecology and Obstetrics department, Nephrology Unit or Intensive Care Unit in Mansoura University Hospitals from November 2014 to December 2015. 40 cases had PR-AKI and 36 cases had PET. Our study revealed that Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (measured with ELISA method) was significantly higher in PR-AKI compared to PET and healthy controls. Yet, VEGF level did not show significant relation to renal outcome, maternal outcome or fetal outcome. Future larger scale studies should be carried out for better studying angiogenic factors impact on PR-AKI, in a trial for newer prognostic markers discovery or even newer treatment modalities to improve the bad outcome of this prevalent problem in our community.