الفهرس 
? Anatomy of Human PlacentaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The placenta is high specialised pregnancy organ that dedicated to support the normal growth and development of the fetus. Growth and function of the placenta are precisely coordinated and regulated for perfect and efficient exchange of nutrients and waste products between the maternal and fetal circulatory systems. The placenta acts to provide oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, whilst removing carbon dioxide and other waste products. It metabolises a number of substances and releases metabolic products into maternal and/or fetal circulations. The placenta helps to protect the fetus against certain xenobiotic molecules, infections and maternal diseases. In addition, it releases hormones into both the maternal and fetal circulations that affect pregnancy, metabolism, fetal growth, parturition and other functions.
Placental disorders can cause dramatic effects into fetus and mother that can go to fatality in worst cases. Placental abnormalities can have significant implications on fetal and maternal health. Imaging of the placenta with ultrasonography (US) techniques and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can have a profound impact on patient management, owing to the morbidity and mortality associated with various placental conditions. Imaging placenta with Ultrasonography (US) techniques and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the only efficient mean to observe the placenta in vivo, which plays a crucial and vital clinical role for early detection of placental abnormalities.
The cost-effectiveness, wide availability and portability, real-time capabilities, and safety for the mother and fetus, has made US techniques the main routine imaging modality of the fetus and its surrounding environment during pregnancy that helps significantly screening and diagnose fetal anomalies. Using MRI has overcome many of the limitations of US for the anatomic evaluation of the placenta conditions.
This paper concludes that while US remains the primary imaging techniques for placenta diagnosis, MRI is vitally important in those cases when US is inconclusive. Thus, radiologist should crucially consider making use of MRI in case of uncertain placental diagnosis and to complement US outcomes findings. The paper concludes that MRI does not substitute US but it complements it for efficient detection and diagnosis of placental disorders.