الفهرس 
? Pathophysiology of Metabolic SyndromeOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bariatric surgery is a tool to help morbidly obese individuals lose most, if not all, of their excess weight. During the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure, the size of the stomach is significantly reduced, limiting the volume of food a patient can consume, and the digestive tract is altered, decreasing the amount of calories and nutrients the body absorbs. When coupled with critical lifestyle changes, gastric bypass surgery can result in extreme weight loss within the first year after surgery.
A mini gastric bypass is a less invasive alternative to standard gastric bypass; but produces similar results. This procedure is performed laparoscopically, meaning the surgeon works through several small incisions and uses a tiny camera (called a laparoscope) and a television screen to guide special instruments through the incisions.
Obesity and T2DM are of the most common chronic debilitating diseases of the western country today. In the USA, about 30% of the adult population is obese, and 8% have T2DM (mostly obesity-related).1,2 Both diseases are closely related and very difficult to be controlled by current medical treatment including diet, drug therapy, and behavioral modification.3, 4, 5There are strong evidences that bariatric surgeries can cure most of the associated T2DM in morbidly obese patients.6, 7, 8, 9 Recently, laparoscopic gastric bypass has also been shown to result in significant weight loss and resolution (83%) of T2DM in morbid obese patients.10However, the current consensus for bariatric surgery is set at body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 with comorbidities. Although some reports have suggested the criteria can be lowered to BMI >30 kg/m2, more data are required before a conclusion can be made.11,12
this was to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic gastric bypass on morbidly obese patients with T2DM. We specifically investigated the safety and efficacy in those with a BMI <35 kg/m2 and compared it with those with >35 kg/m2.