الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALLOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Once a decision has been made to leave the abdomen open (or re-open it), the abdominal defect must be covered, which is termed temporary abdominal closure. The main goal of temporary abdominal closure is to control fluid losses. It is important to remember that even with a temporary abdominal closure in place, intra-abdominal pressure can increase and abdominal compartment syndrome can recur.
Several techniques for temporary abdominal closure are available, including Wittmann Patch closure, negative pressure systems (towel and sponge-based), and silo closure. Each of these techniques has advantages and disadvantages with respect to their ability to control fluid loss, frequency of dressing changes, minimizing loss of domain, ease of use, and cost. The patch or silo technique can be used alone or in combination with a negative pressure system. Skin-only closures are an option but are rarely used in contemporary practice.
Once the indication for the open abdomen has resolved, the abdomen is closed, preferably with a primary fascial closure. If primary fascial closure cannot be achieved, functional closure can be performed using a biologic mesh in-lay technique which generates new fascial tissue between the native fascial edges; however, the risk of subsequent hernia with this technique is high. If the gap between the fascial edges is too wide for a functional closure, primary skin closure can be performed, or skin grafts placed to cover the fascial defect once a layer of granulation tissue has developed over the consolidated visceral mass.
Key words: Platelet derived growth factor- Intensive care unit- Vacuum-assisted closure