الفهرس 
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Abstract
making metallie joints is considered one of the most effective processes in industrial engineering such as machines assemblage, structural steel, building complex structures, shipbuilding, aircraft, automotive, maintenane ana rebaire in a wide range of engineering branches. the jointing process significantly affect the development of industry, which in turn guided to improve the product productivity.
present investigation reviews the different joining techniques in single and mixed joints, especially welding, adhesive bonding, and mechanical fateners and represented the essential feature of the joints.