الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The ballasted railway track system consists of different components such as steel rails, rail fasteners, sleepers, granular ballast layer, sub ballast layer, and sub grade soil. There is a need to determine the track elements stresses to sustain the force of vertical, lateral, and longitudinal loads imposed on the track structure, to provide a smooth and safe running surface for passenger or freight trains, and to reduce the problems that occur due to the applied track loading The main goal of this research is studying, analyzing, evaluating, and comparing among different methods and models which are used to determine the forces and stresses in each element of the ballasted railway track. Methods, used to determine the rail forces and stresses, were analyzed and compared. Models used to calculate the sleeper effective length, maximum rail seat load, the sleeper contact pressure, and bending moment, the methods, used to determine the vertical stresses inside the ballast layer, were presented, analyzed, and compared.