الفهرس 
Optimum temperature for tomato development and productivityOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted on three tomatoes cultivars during hot summer season of 2012 and 2013 at private farm, salehia city, Ismailia governorate, Egypt. Three tomato cultivars with diverse in their thermo-tolerant potential were selected. Tomato seeds of different three cultivars were sown in the shading screen nursery, using foam trays (209 eyes) on 25th of May in two seasons. After establishment of tomato seedling, they transplanted to experiment field in first week of July. The main plots were devoted to cultivars Nirouz (TH99806) Super jacal (CV1), Morse44(CV2) and Salymia 65010 (CV3), where subplot was to different treatments arranged in split plot design with three replicates for each treatment.
The effect of foliar application of 0.05 and 0.1 mM kinetin (kin), 0.02 & 0.04 μM 24-Epibrassinolide (24-E), 4 & 6 mM Glycine betaine (GB), 0.25 & 0.5 mM salicylic acid (SA) and 0.5 g/l seaweed extract on vegetative, physiological and reproductive parameters were examined. Treatments were started two weeks after transplanting. Foliar spray was repeated four time with 15 days intervals
Obtained results could be summarized as follows
1- Growth parameters
1. The highest significant value in plant height and branches no./plant was recorded for CV3 (Salymia 65010), while CV2 (Morse 44) had the lowest values for the same previous parameters.
2. Cultivar 2 (Morse 44) had the superiority over other tomato tested cultivars in plant f.w and leaves no./plant parameters for control plants or overall mean of cultivars.
3. The most important treatments led to achieve higher parameters were mostly SWE at 0.5 g/l, SA at 0.5 mM, and GB at 6 & 4 mM respectively.
4. Both concentrations of kinetin and 24-epibrassinolide didn’t significantly increase the value of plant f.w over control for CV1 and CV3, whereas CV2 showed insignificant decrease in plant f.w
5. Application of seaweed extract at 0.5 g/l is the ideal example for the previous observation, where recorded the highest significant value of plant f.w for the three cultivars especially in the 2nd season.
6. In this concern GB at 6 mM gave higher significant values over most treatments for CV1 (Nirouz) and CV3 (Salymia 65010), whereas CV2 (Morse 44) didn’t take the same trend.
7. Leaves no./plant generally was not significantly affected by the application of kinetin and 24-epibrassinolide, which recorded values near to control.
8. Branches number of tomato plant of the three tested cultivars was not significantly affected by any of foliar applications.
9. The higher concentration of 24-epibrassinolide (0.04 µM) increased plant height parameter in all tested cultivars as compared to lower one.
2- Physiological parameters
10. Salicylic acid at both tested levels and GB at 4 mM were the most effective treatments in increasing chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and carotenoids concentrations.
11. The individual application of both tested concentration of kinetin recorded the maximum values in total soluble sugars concentration in Nirouz cultivar, whereas the lowest value recorded with SA application at 0.5 mM.
12. The highest value of proline concentration was obtained by SA at 0.5mM.
13. Highest overall concentrations of total free amino acids recorded by 24-E at 0.04 µM, and SA at 0.25 mM.
14. Morse 44 and Salymia 65010 cultivars recorded the highest value of free amino acid by applications of 24-E at 0.04 µM, and SA at 0.25 mM, whereas highest total free amino acids in Nirouz cultivar recorded by application of GB at 4 mM.
15. In case of CV3, the highest significant value of total soluble proteins (4.9 mg g-1 f.w in 1st season) was achieved by kinetin application at 0.1 mM followed by 24-E at 0.02 µM (4.4 mg g-1 f.w in 1st season).
16. Epibrassinolide at 0.04 µM recorded the highest increase in total phenolic in both season.
17. The concentration of total phenolics decreased to a significant level in most treatments of both glycine betaine and salicylic acid.
18. All tested levels of foliar applications reduced the amount of MDA in leaves especially for SA at 0.25 mM and kin at 0.1 mM.
19. The lowest amount of MDA recorded in Nirouz cultivar in 1st season and Mores 44 in 2nd season, which also when treated with different bioactive substances as foliar treatments led to reduce its concentration below control treatment.
20. The best treatment to reduce in MDA level was due to kin at 0.1 mM.
21. Most foliar treatments led to reduce the activity of peroxidase as overall means except for SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 6 mM in both season as well as 4 mM in 2nd season.
22. Most foliar treatments led to reduce the activity of PAL as overall mean except for SA at 0.5 mM, which recorded the highest significant value. Kinetin application at 0.05 mM recorded the highest reduction in PAL.
3- Reproductive parameter
23. GB at 6 mM, SA at 0.25 mM, and GB at 4 mM respectively, recorded the highest values of clusters no./plant, whereas kin application at 0.05 mM recorded the lowest significant value
24. The most effective treatments led to increase the flowers no./cluster to the highest levels was both concentrations of 24-epibrassinolide
25. GB at 6 mM, SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 4 mM, and 24-E at 0.04 µM respectively, were found to be the foliar application for increasing fruit no/plant.
26. All tested foliar applications led to increase cluster no./plant for CV1 except for SA at 0.5 mM in the 1st season.
27. SA at 0.25 mM, and GB at 4 &6 mM recorded the highest values of cluster no./plant for CV2 and CV3 specially in the 2nd season.
28. The best foliar applications had positive effect on fruits no./plant were GB at 6 mM, SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 4 mM, and 24-E at 0.04 µM for CV3, while were GB at 4 and 6 mM and 0.5 mM kin for CV1.
29. The highest significant values of fruit set % was recorded with GB at 6 mM, and 24-E at 0.04 and 0.02 µM for CV2 and CV3, while for CV1 the highest fruit set % values recorded by SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 4 mM, kin at 0.05 mM, and 24-E at 0.04 µM.
30. All tested bioactive substances used as foliar applications reduced the value of average fruit f.w below control except for SA at 0.25 mM in the 1st season. The maximum reduction in fruit f.w recorded with kinetin application at 0.05 mM, and 24-E 0.04 µM.
31. All foliar applications led to increase the fruit yield of tomato plant except for kin application at 0.05 mM, which reduced the yield than control plants.
32. The best bioactive substances achieved the highest fruit yield were GB at 6 mM, SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 4 mM, SA at 0.5 mM, and 24-E at 0.04 µM, respectively.
33. The lowest recorded fruit yield was for Nirouz cultivar CV1 in 1st season and Morse 44 in snd season, while the superior cultivar for fruit yield parameter was Salymia 65010 (CV3) which recorded 1.8-fold as compared to CV1.