الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 85 |  |  |
| | | from | 85 | | |
Abstract
CKD is a growing health problem, (72) Therefore, early detection of renal failure is important and helpful to prevent the progression of CKD, (59) especially in high-risk groups. In CKD the DWI has the possibility to show changes in ADC values of renal parenchyma with loss of renal function. (74)
As the main renal functions are associated with diffusion of water such as glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and secretion; DWI can play an important role in the evaluation of renal function.(75) Technological advances and improvements have drawn increasing interest in the potential clinical role of DWI in noninvasive evaluation of extracranial organs.(76)
The advantages of DWI as indicator of renal function include short time of acquisition, noninvasive nature, and no exposure to ionizing radiation or contrast material, whereas the drawbacks include availability and cost. DWI is an additional tool, incorporation of which within existing MRI protocols, provides additional functional information with minimal increase in imaging time. This functional information provided by DWI, along with morphological information of the kidneys, may contribute toward making MRI a onestep modality for comprehensive renal evaluation. (63)
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between ADC values of renal parenchyma and serum markers of renal function and stage of CKD and to establish cut off ADC values to identify renal dysfunction
In the present study, DWI with ADC map of both kidneys to assess renal functions with b values 0, 500 and 1000 on axial view was performed for all the 30 patients.
This study included a total of 30 patients (16 males and 14 females) divided into two groups: group I: 15 CKD patients (seven males and eight females) referred to the Radiodiagnosis and intervention department at Alexandria University Hospital between December 2013 and April 2016. All of them underwent ultrasound guided biopsy to obtain final histopathological diagnosis. group II: 15 patients (nine males and six females), all of them had normal renal function, and indicated for MRI for other etiologies (seven with focal hepatic lesions, five with jaundice and three with adrenal masses). The data (of 30 patients) were available for analysis.
When comparing the average ADC of the left kidneys with that of the right kidney in each group, there was a mild increase of left side kidney (1.65 ± 0.27 x 10-3 mm2/s for CKD patients and 1.98 ± 0.13 x 10-3 mm2/s for controls) than the right side (1.59 ± 0.25 x 10-3 mm2/s for CKD patients and 1.95 ± 0.14 x 10-3 mm2/s for controls) which was insignificant in CKD patients, but was with mild significance in the control group (p = 0.049)
In the current study, the mean ADC value of renal parenchyma in patients with renal dysfunction (1.62± 0.25 x10−3 mm2/s) was lower the mean ADC value of renal parenchyma in control group with normal renal function (1.95 ± 0.12 x10−3 mm2/s) with significant difference (p< 0.001).