الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background and Objectives : Ergonomics is a science concerned with how to fit a job to one’s anatomical, physiological and psychological characters in such a way that it enhances human efficiency and well-being. Dentistry is a social interaction between helper and recipient in their limited job setting and with personal characteristics. Dentists and dental hygienists are at risk for work related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) compared to the general population. This study aimed to evaluate ergonomic of dental clinic’s design in a sample of Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) clinics, assess prevalence and severity of musculoskeletal symptoms among dentists, and investigate the relation between ergonomic design and occupational factors with the presence of work related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among dentists. Subjects and Methods : a cross sectional was conducted on 165 male and female dentists working in (10) dental clinics of Ministry of Health and population (MOHP) in Mansoura City. Their mean age was 27±4.7 years. A well-structured self- administered questionnaire was used for data collection. In addition to the ergonomic checklist, that completed by examiner himself. The questionnaire and ergonomic checklist was adopted and modified from forms in previous studies. Result : The most frequent MSDs trouble in last 12 month was in lower back region (75.2%) followed by neck (73.9%) and upper back (29.1%). A significantly higher percentage of dentists reported non comfortable operator chair and work instruments [(71.5%), (70.9%) ; respectively]. Working in uncomfortable posture, standing for long period, exertion of arms/hands was significant association with neck pain. Males had more common neck symptoms than females with no significant difference and females had higher wrist/hand symptoms than males. Conclusion : The prevalence of MSDs symptoms among dental practitioners was (83.0%). Lower back, neck and upper back pain symptoms were particularly common. A Significant association was found between neck, low back pain and number of working hours (p≤0.05). In addition, time pressure, work overload, working in uncomfortable posture and prolonged working in same posture were significant predictors of musculoskeletal pain, discomfort and stiffness (p≤0.05).