الفهرس 
Renal dysfunction in cirrhosisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Renal dysfunction often develops in patients with liver cirrhosis. The impairment of kidney function is caused by severe renal arterial vasoconstriction due to complex changes in systemic hemodynamics.( 25,138) Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is the most serious complication of renal dysfunction in patients with end-stage liver cirrhosis and is associated with an extremely short survival time(18,52). Renal arterial vasoconstriction may persist for weeks, even months before an increase of blood urea nitrogen or serum creatinine values can be discovered.(53) Therefore better methods to diagnose this early stage of renal disease are needed.(132) Duplex Doppler ultrasonography of the kidneys is an easy and non-invasive method to assess blood flow and arterial vascular resistance as a parameter for vasoconstriction.(139,140-142)