الفهرس 
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Abstract
ummary and Conclusion
Detection of periodontal disease is important in the prevention of tooth loss. One of the main drawbacks of intraoral radiography is the overlap of anatmoical structures and lack of three dimensional information, which hinders a true distinction between the buccal and lingual cortical plates.
Conventional CT solves this problem by providing axial slices throughout the object of interest but has major drawbacks, including high radiation dose, high cost and low resoution.
When compared with conventional CT, CBCT considerably reduces radiation exposure to patients, has higher resolution and lower cost.
Aim of the study:
To explore the diagnostic value of Cone Beam CT (CBCT) in the assessment of periodontal bone loss and furcation involvements
Materials and methods:
• Carefully selected human dry skulls containing multiple periodontal defects were used for the measurement and observation of selected sites.
• Mesial, central and distal bone levels on the buccal and lingual sides of each selected tooth were measured.
• Cross-sectional CBCT images and Panoramic reconstructed CBCT images were used for bone level measurements
• Cross-sectional CBCT images were used for classification of infrabony defects and furcation involvements.
Results:
• No significant difference was found between bone height measurements on the skull and on the panoramic reconstruction images using 5.1 mm slice thickness.
• No significant difference was found between bone height measurements on the skull and on the cross-sectional images using 0.32 slice thickness.
• Both panoramic reconstruction and cross-sectional images tended to underestimate bone height measurements.
• No significant difference was found between the error in panoramic reconstruction images and in cross-sectional images.
• All furcation involvements were correctly classified (100%) on CBCT data
• All infrabony defects were correctly classified (100%) on CBCT data
Conclusion:
1. CBCT images allowed accurate measurements of periodontal defects on panoramic reconstruction images of 5.1 mm slice thickness as well as cross-sectional slices of 0.32 mm thickness when compared to the gold standard
2. Cross-sectional images demonstrated a more accurate assessment than panoramic reconstruction images when compared with to the gold standard, but with no significant difference, which is due to the absence of overlapping structures.
3. CBCT allowed accurate assessment of infrabony defects and furcation involvements.
4. Considering the several advantages, limitations and risks of CBCT, we recommend that CBCT should only be used for relatively more complex periodontal treatment planning such as prognostic planning and surgery for complex periodontal defects, and potential use of dental implants.