الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was designed to compare the effect of three materials, calcium hydroxide ”Dycal” , Glass Ionomer”Ketac fil”, and Enamel matrix derivative ”Emdogain” as pulp capping agents used in dog teeth.
The immediate and delayed responses were evaluated histopathologically, and immunohistochemically at different observation periods: One week, one month and 3 months, nine healthy adult mongrel male dogs were chosen for the study their ages ranged between 10-18 months and their weights from 14-16 Kg. A total number of 153 teeth comprising mandibular and maxillary left and right second third and fourth premolar and first molar were used. All teeth were divided into three groups (group A , B and group C) and capped with the investigated materials: , Emdogain, Ketac fil Dycal,and foil).
Facial class V cavities were prepared in the teeth using a carbide inverted cone bur at a low speed hand piece with efficient water cooling. The pulpal floors of the cavities were deepened till the shadow of the underlying pulp tissue could be seen by naked eye. A sterile probe was used to create pulp exposure in the center of the cavity. After the control of bleeding the teeth were capped with the experimental materials. All the cavities were restored with Ketac fil inserted on the capping materials. At the end of each experimental period dogs were authonized. After removing the teeth from the bone they were fixed in 10% formaline for 48 to 72 hours and decalcified in 10% EDTA solution. Serial sections of 6 um thicknesses were cut in a bucco-lingual plane.
The sections were stained with: Haematoxylin and eosin for histopathologic examination. Sections were cut on Optiplus slides for immunohistochemical identification of Fibronectin.
All prepared sections were examined under the light microscope. The computer image analyzer (Leica Qwin 500) was used to evaluate the immunohistochemical sections.
Conclusions:
from the results of the current study, we can conclude that:
1- All tested materials showed sever inflammation in the early period that gradually subsided with time.
2- Emdogain and Calcium hydroxide are appropriate pulp capping agents with the ability to induce dentin bridge formation starting from one month after capping.
3- Glass ionomer cannot be considered the material of choice for capping of exposed pulp.
4- Capping an exposed pulp with an inert material (Tin foil) didn’t appear to suppress inflammation and /or promot healing.
Recommendations
- This study suggests the need for additional research with a larger sample. Further refinement of the delivery system is needed to ensure that EMD can be developed as an agent for predictable and cost-effective induction of dentin formation in patients.
-More investigations are needed to address the specific mode of action and characteristics of Emdogain promoted reparative hard tissue formation in wounded dental pulp.