الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF CORONARY ARTERIESOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Uric acid is the end product of the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous purines. Uric acid is mostly eliminated from the circulation by urine (about 75%), and about 25% are secreted to the intestines, where it is degraded by intestinal bacteria. Coronary artery disease is considered insidious and dangerous disease in the world, and the major source of morbidity and mortality in developed world. Coronary collaterals, or “natural bypasses,” are anastomotic connections without an intervening capillary bed between portions of the same coronary artery and between different coronary arteries. Collateral circulation potentially offers an important alternative source of blood supply when the original vessel fails to provide sufficient blood. Timely enlargement of collaterals may even avoid transmural myocardial infarction and death in symptomatic patients. . Growth factors, growth factor receptors, inflammatory cell mediators, endothelial chemokines, adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix, and oxidative stress affect the development of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Serum uric acid levels have been proposed as a biomarker of coronary artery disease. Several studies have indicated that uric acid can cause endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress and vasoconstriction, all of which lead to atherosclerosis and affect the development of coronary collaterals.