الفهرس 
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of
bone structure that causes bone fragility and increases the risk of fracture. Osteoporosis
occurs four times in women more than in men especially after menopause. The aim of
this study was to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of osteoporosis
among menopausal women and nursing implications in Mansoura University Hospital.
Two different research designs were used; a cross section analytical design and a quasi-
experimental intervention study were used in carrying out this study. A representative
sample of 400 menopausal women was selected from the aforementioned setting. Of
those, 237 women were diagnosed as having osteoporosis (osteoporotic group) and 163
women were negative for osteoporosis (non-osteoporotic group). Tools used for data
collection include; a structured interviewing schedule, estimation of body mass index
(BMI) and estimation of bone density and pre and post test program for testing their
knowledge about osteoporosis. The results obtained revealed that, osteoporosis was
found in almost three (58.45%) of the sample while, 41.15 % of women were not
exposed to osteoporosis. The most common risk factors were; age, chronic diseases,
dietary habits, hereditary factors, body mass index, women life style, and finally the
medications received by women. The results revealed that there was significant
improvement in the women knowledge after the program. The study concluded that,
women who had unmodifiable or potentially modifiable risk factors are more likely to
have osteoporosis during menopause than those who had no risk factors. The study
recommended the need for continuous educational program for women in different age
groups to increase their awareness about the risk factors for osteoporosis and the way of
its prevention as well as periodic assessment of menopausal women using DXA
measurement. A training program should be conducted for maternity nurses to upgrade
their knowledge and practice about counseling menopausal women for osteoporosis.